Information and Communication Technology is an indispensable part of modern society. As with everything else, it has a profound impact on various activities in the agriculture sector like research, cyber-extension, marketing and transfer of technologies leading to its sustainable development. The concept of E-readiness provides a unified framework to evaluate ICT infrastructure and the ability of its consumers, businesses, and governments to use ICT to their benefit. E-readiness is a state of preparedness to comply and participate in a networked world, and its assessment is a novel concept that aims to understand the E-skill towards using ICT tools. Analysis of the past researches through journals, book chapters, Research Gate and relevant papers reveals various E-readiness assessment initiatives viz. E-commerce readiness assessment guide, Readiness for the networked world, E-readiness rankings, Ready Net Go, Network Readiness Index, Negotiating the digital divide. The paper aptly identifies and evaluates various tools available for assessing the E-readiness at macro and agricultural extension system. The kind of result tool will provide depends upon the researcher’s goal and comprehensive definition of E-readiness adopted by the user. Hence, the paper helps in understanding the importance of measurement tools of E-readiness so that it can leverage ICT integration in agriculture development and improves the exchange of information between the stakeholders of agriculture by using limited resources wisely.Information and Communication Technology is an indispensable part of modern society. As with everything else, it has a profound impact on various activities in the agriculture sector like research, cyber-extension, marketing and transfer of technologies leading to its sustainable development. The concept of E-readiness provides a unified framework to evaluate ICT infrastructure and the ability of its consumers, businesses, and governments to use ICT to their benefit. E-readiness is a state of preparedness to comply and participate in a networked world, and its assessment is a novel concept that aims to understand the E-skill towards using ICT tools. Analysis of the past researches through journals, book chapters, Research Gate and relevant papers reveals various E-readiness assessment initiatives viz. E-commerce readiness assessment guide, Readiness for the networked world, E-readiness rankings, Ready Net Go, Network Readiness Index, Negotiating the digital divide. The paper aptly identifies and evaluates various tools available for assessing the E-readiness at macro and agricultural extension system. The kind of result tool will provide depends upon the researcher’s goal and comprehensive definition of E-readiness adopted by the user. Hence, the paper helps in understanding the importance of measurement tools of E-readiness so that it can leverage ICT integration in agriculture development and improves the exchange of information between the stakeholders of agriculture by using limited resources wisely.

Mobile phone emerges as a great tool to enhance the system of transfer of information in agriculture, but its use is limited in certain areas. So, an effort in this paper has been made to enumerate the uses of mobile phones in Social System which is based on Axinn & Thorat's model of rural social system. As in Production, farmers get timely information of weather forecasts, crop advisory. In Marketing and Supply, day to day information of commodity prices, market and other relevant information are available. Mobile learning can educate farmers. In governance, it emerges with a new concept of m-governance. And feedbacks through it can revolute research system. Primary data was also collected to know the opinion and preferences of farmers towards the use of mobile phones in agriculture. Data shows that farmers preferred information on marketing most, as it attained first rank. According to farmers, State Agriculture Universities are the most credible source of information while private agencies are least. Majority of farmers preferred 2-3 messages per day for fulfilling their information needs. They preferred SMS is the best way of providing information as they can read and save it for its future use. And finally, production is the most used area of Rural Social System among the farmers by mobile phones.

Farmer field school is an innovative extension approach, emerged in rice crop and gradually diversified to vegetables, cotton, livestock and other crops. FFS originated from Indonesia, is presently being conducted in many countries with local adaptations and institutionalization. FFS is a groupbased learning process that includes hands-on training methods, carried out through field observations, agro-ecosystem analysis at subgroup level, agro-ecosystem analysis at school level and special topics. Participants of farmer field schools are made to learn through direct real-life experiences to maximize retention of farm information. During the period 1994-2013, total 14,617 FFS were organized to train 58,422 agricultural extension officers and 4,39,508 farmers in the country. Evaluation studies reported that the FFS approach has empowered farmers in knowledge acquisition, analytical skills, critical thinking, problem-solving skills and reflecting an increase in yield, reduction in pesticide use and farm-level returns. Sustained diffusion from field school graduates to neighboring farmers still lacks convincing evidences. Effective FFS essentially require backstopping by experienced facilitators, appropriate fund release mechanism, proper logistics, regular monitoring and participation of farmers.

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The present paper analyses the awareness of farmers regarding effects of climate change on agriculture and various suggestions strategies by them to overcome this effect in agriculture sector. The study was conducted in Punjab state and 270 farmers were selected for the study from the three different zones of the state. The data were collected through a well structured interview schedule. Majority of the farmers perceived to a Aware or Have you heard the word climate change, Do you know about the Occurrence of cold waves, heat waves, heavy fog, precipitation and change in temperature due to green house gases, Milk yield is reduced, The suggestion strategies as suggested by them included the. Environmental education to farmers, new irrigation techniques, Change in body temperature affects metabolic activity of the animals and Animal (Buffalo and Cow) growth is affected.