The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) Task Force on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) developed combined ISG-IRIA evidence-based best-practice guidelines for imaging of the small intestine in patients suspected to have or having Crohn's disease. The 29 consensus statements, developed through a modified Delphi process, are intended to serve as reference for teaching, clinical practice, and research.

Objective:To evaluate for the presence of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in drug (phenytoin, cyclosporine, and nifedipine)-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) and to compare it with healthy controls in the absence of overgrowth.Materials and Methods:Thirty-five patients were chosen for the study and segregated into study (25) and control groups (10). The study group consisted of phenytoin-induced (10), cyclosporine-induced (10), and nifedipine-induced (5) gingival overgrowth. After completing necessary medical evaluations, biopsy was done. The tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin and then immunohistochemically evaluated for the presence of CTGF. The statistical analysis of the values was done using statistical package SPSS PC+ (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 4.01).Results:The outcome of immunohistochemistry shows that DIGO samples express more CTGF than control group and phenytoin expresses more CTGF followed by nifedipine and cyclosporine.Conclusion:The study shows that there is an increase in the levels of CTGF in patients with DIGO in comparison to the control group without any gingival overgrowth. In the study, we compared the levels of CTGF in DIGO induced by three most commonly used drugs phenytoin, cyclosporine, and nifedipine. By comparing the levels of CTGF, we find that cyclosporine induces the production of least amount of CTGF. Therefore, it might be a more viable drug choice with reduced side effects.

No abstract

Colonoscopy is a common procedure for diagnosing a wide range of conditions and symptoms affecting the large bowel. Research has shown that the examination itself may induce transient bacterial infections. Specifically acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) has little mention in medical literature as a recognized complication of this procedure. Here we discuss a 37 year old male presenting with symptoms suggesting lower urinary tract infection after having undergone colonoscopy followed by recurrent episodic haematuria and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Physicians and endoscopists should be aware of the risk of acute bacterial prostatitis as a potential complication of colonoscopy in order to minimize misdiagnosis as well as the complications associated with the delayed treatment of it. In addition male patients and the immunocompromised should be fully counselled regarding this risk prior to undertaking this procedure.

No abstract