Studies were carried out to investigate the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer levels (15, 30, 45 and 60 kg/fed) and different postemergence herbicides (metosulam, sulfamoylurea, fenoxaprop-pethyl, clodinafop-propargyl, isoproturon + diflufinican and isoproturon), hand weeding and unweeded check in barley crop at private farms in Shalakan, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt during 2007/2008/2009 seasons. Increasing N-levels from 15 to 30, 45 and 60 kg /fed significantly increased number and dry weight of barley weeds after 60 and 90 days from sowing (DFS). Application of 60 kg N/fed recorded the highest number and dry weight of weeds. Metosulam at 0.04 L/fed provided control (95.46 -92.83% reduction in dry weight after 60 and 90 DFS) for broadleaved weeds but failed to completely control narrow-leaved weeds. Clodinafoppropargyl at 140 g/fed provided 94.85 and 94.34 % reduction in dry weight after 60 and 90 DFS of narrow leaf weeds. Isoproturon + diflufinican came in the first order for controlling total weeds but statistically leveled with isoproturon alone. It recoded number and dry weight of total weeds than unweeded by 90.31 and 91.46 % after 60 days from sowing and 89.78 and 90.80 % after 90 days from sowing. pplication of nitrogen at 60 kg N/fed recorded the highest value of flag leaf area, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, grains weight /spike, spikes number /m 2 , straw and grain yields as well as grain protein and total carbohydrates percentage. All herbicidal treatments and hand weeding increased significantly growth, yield, yield components and chemical composition of grain barley. Isoproturon + diflufinican was superior treatment for increasing plant height, spike length, grains number /spike, grains weight /spike, spikes number /m 2 , straw and grain yields as well as grain protein and total carbohydrates percentage. While, hand weeding recorded the highest values of flag leaf area. Application of isoproturon + diflufinican herbicide provided 66.3 % more grain yield than weedy check. The interaction between N-levels and weed management treatments had significant effect on total dry weight of weeds, spikes number /m 2 , grain weight /spike and grain and straw yields. Isoproturon + diflufinican produced the lowest values of total dry weight of weeds after 60 and 90 DFS when 15 kg N/fed was added. While, Application of 60 kg N/fed gave the maximum values of number of spike /m 2 , weight of grain /spike, grain and straw yields/fed when isoproturon + diflufinican treatment was applied. It could be concluded that using 60 kg N/fed resulted in increment of growth and productivity of barley crop when isoproturon + diflufinican treatment was used.

No abstract

To investigate the effect of faba bean plant populations (80000, 96000 and 120000 plants/feddan) resulted from the difference between hill spacing (30, 25 and 20 cm) and the efficiency of eight weed control treatments (butralin, metribuzin, oxadiargyl, each previous herbicides followed by one hand hoeing, two hand hoeing and unweeded check) on associated weeds, growth, yield and its attributes as well as chemical analysis. Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental farm of El-Serw Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Damietta Governorate, Egypt during winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Main findings showed that increasing plant population from 80000 to 120000 plants/fed significantly decreased the broadleaved, grassy and total weeds dry weight by 46.32, 33.44 and 43.77% in the first season and by 45.99, 38.10 and 44.32% in the second season, respectively after 70 days from sowing. Plant population of 120000 plants/fed produced the highest values of plant height, dry weight/plant and LAI in both seasons. Moreover, sowing faba bean at 120000 plants/fed increased seed yield/fed by 15.46 and 5.03% in the first season and 16.33 and 7.84% in the second season compared with 80000 and 96000 plants/fed, respectively. Two hand hoeing method significantly decreased the broadleaved, grassy and total weeds dry weight by 93.58, 99.24 and 95.68% in the first season and 92.62, 98.95 and 94.89% in the second season, respectively compared with the unweeded check. The results indicated that two hand hoeing method was the most superior treatment in increasing plant height, dry weight/plant and leaf area index at 70 and 90 days from sowing as well as yield, yield attributes and chemical composition of faba bean seeds followed by applying oxadiargyl herbicide with one hand hoeing treatment. It could be recommended that growing faba bean at plant population 120000 plants/fed integrated with two hand hoeing or oxadiargyl herbicide with one hand hoeing maximized seed yield per unit area.

No abstract

Two field experiments were carried out during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 winter seasons to evaluate the effect of some non-traditional methods for weed control which are being (mulching by rice straw and burning has been carried after ridging and directly before sowing) on growth, yield and juice quality as well as associated weeds of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.) grown in salinity soil condition at El-Serw Research Station. The most important results obtained could be summarized as follows:-All weed control treatments reduced significantly fresh weight (g/m 2) of broad-leaf, grassy and total weeds growth which associated with sugar beet plants, dry weight and total of sugar beet weeds as compared to the unweeded check.-Two hoeing with mulching was the most effective on controlling weeds (91.1-92.2%) followed by one hoeing with mulching (85.9-86.5%) and burning with two hoeing (82.8-84.2%), respectively.-Application of two hoeing improved drastically the efficiency of the mulching and burning in controlling sugar beet weeds when compared with other treatments.-The results show that two hoeing with mulching resulted in good control of total weeds after 120 days from sowing (DAS).-All growth criteria i.e., plant height (cm), leaves number/plant, root/top ratio and root characters responded significantly to two hoeing with mulching followed by one hoeing with mulching and burning with two hoeing , respectively, as compared with the untreated treatment.-Concerning the effect of weed control methods treatments on yield components of sugar beet plants, corresponding data cleared that two hoeing with mulching gave the highest values of tops, roots, biological and sugar yields.-Application of hoeing with mulching or burning caused significant increases in values of juice quality parameters i.e., sucrose and purity % as compared with the untreated treatment.-Generally, it can be concluded that application of two or one hoeing with mulching of rice straw and burning with two hoeing were the recommended treatments for obtaining the highest growth, yield and juice quality of sugar beet plants as well as significant reduction in total weeds under salinity lands condition at El-Serw. This study suggest that non traditional weed control by mulching or burning can be used in compatible manner with mechanical hoeing in integrated weed strategy in sugar beet.