-Information requirements for Mediterranean ecosystem management have vastly increased and yet a framework for data quality is not available. This article focuses on data quality issues to enhance Mediterranean natural resources management planning. A framework to achieve high data quality standards is presented. Components of a natural resources data quality framework are identified and characterized. Emphasis is on the design of a data lifecycle within an information system such that data quality categories are accounted for along the stages of data acquisition, storage, organization and interpretation. Mediterranean forest ecosystems extending over circa 40 800 ha in Southern Portugal were used as test cases. Results from the application of the proposed framework to data acquired in 397 forest inventory plots, in 141 wildlife transects, in 157 bird observation points and in 138 questionnaires to landowners are reported. Results suggest that the framework does effectively address current Mediterranean ecosystem management data quality needs. data quality / information system / Mediterranean ecosystem management Résumé -Un cadre pour des données de qualité pour la gestion durable de l'écosystème méditerranéen. Bien que les besoins d'information nécessaires à la gestion de l'écosystème méditerranéen se soient accrus, il n'existe pas de cadre qui permette de garantir la qualité des données nécessaires à une gestion durable. Cet article se focalise sur la qualité des données permettant une amélioration de la planification de la gestion des ressources naturelles méditerranéennes. Un cadre permettant d'obtenir des données de qualité normées est présenté. Les composantes de ce cadre sont identifiées et caractérisées. L'accent est mis sur la conception d'un cycle de vie des données dans un système d'information, de telle façon que les catégories de qualité des données soient expliquées dans le cadre des étapes d'acquisition, de stockage, d'organisation et d'interprétation. Un écosystème forestier méditerranéen qui occupe approximativement 40 800 ha dans le Sud du Portugal a été utilisé comme test. Les résultats de l'application du cadre proposé et concernant les données recueillies dans 397 placettes forestières, dans 141 transects de faune et flore, dans 157 points de surveillance des oiseaux et 138 questionnaires de propriétaires forestiers sont rapportés. Les résultats rapportés suggèrent que le cadre proposé répond aux nécessités de qualité des données nécessaires pour la gestion de l'écosystème méditerranéen. données de qualité / système d'information / gestion de l'écosystème méditerranéen
No abstract
Additive manufacturing technologies are becoming increasingly popular due to their advantages over traditional subtracting manufacturing technologies. Despite advances in this field, fixed and maintenance costs for additive manufacturing with metals remain high. The introduction of low-cost metal machines in the additive manufacturing market considerably reduces the cost of acquiring and maintaining this type of equipment. This work aims to establish the process requirements for a low-cost selective powder deposition process, and validate it through the production of specimens in the laboratory and evaluate their mechanical properties. Tin bronze specimens were produced under different manufacturing conditions, namely powder dimensions, type of crucible and coke, firing segments and casting strategy. The morphology and chemical composition of the specimens were carried out combining the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy techniques, respectively. It was observed that crucibles and coke with impurities that react with the metal powders and infill in a reducing atmosphere have influence in the final quality of parts. Tested samples displayed high variability of results which can be correlated with different manufacturing conditions. The selection of the appropriate print parameters led to the manufacture of tin bronze specimens with mechanical properties comparable to those reported in the literature. Overall, low-cost selective powder deposition is a promising technology, if identified manufacturing issues are addressed.
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