Background & Aims: Due to the increase in the elderly population in the country, this group is facing increasing problems. Attention to the importance of promoting the health of the elderly and the need to pay attention to the components of health promotion, including resilience and self-worth, requires steps to be taken in this regard. The aim of this study was to determine the health-promoting behaviors of the elderly and the predictive role of resilience and self-worth among the elderly. Materials & Methods:This study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. 427 elderly people over 60 years of age who were referred to the health centers in Tabriz in 2019 participated in the study.Samples were entered into the study using multi-stage random cluster sampling method. Health promotion behaviors questionnaire (HPAOAM), standard self-assessment questionnaire (CSWS), and resilience questionnaire (CD-RISC) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics including multivariate linear regression test in SPSS version 15. Results:The results showed that health promotion behaviors of the elderly had a statistically significant relationship with their self-esteem and resilience (p <0.05). The variables of self-esteem and resilience predict about 3.7% and 24.1% of the variance of health promotion behaviors in the elderly, respectively. Conclusion:Considering the extent of health-promoting behaviors in the elderly, it is necessary to pay more attention to the factors affecting it. Also, considering the relationship between the healthpromoting behaviors of the elderly and the level of self-worth and resilience, health managers and policy makers must take appropriate measures to promote the level of self-worth and resilience in the elderly.