Gelte publication präsente les resultats d'une dtude de Pactivite d'une population de ratons laveurs (Procgon iotor lotor) effective dans les Laurentides, ä 65 milles au nord-ouest de Montreal, Quebec (Canada). La mdthode de la « piste de sable » fut utilised pour quantifier et qualifier les d^place-ments. L'activito estivale montre une phonologic prtcise : activito croissante et s u r t out sylvestre du dobut de ma i ä la mi-juillet, suivie d'une poriode de reläche (1 mois), puis une l£gere recrudescence d'activito, surtout en milieu de prairie, jusqu'ä la mi-septembre. Le maximum de PactivitS journaliere se situe entre 22 et 23 heures. La Periode d'activite* quotidienne pent etre divis£e en quatre parties : 1) Taller, entre 16 et 20 heures, 2) l'activit£ dans des aires majeures, entre 20 et 23-24 heures, 3) Pactivito dans des aires mineures, entre 24 heures et 3 heures, et 4) le retour aux gites. Quelques cas de dlplacements diurnes furent observes. Les Procgon utilisaient de proförence, dans le temps, les diffe*rentes aires d'un mime milieu. Leurs displacements sont polarises vers des sources de nourriture connues, pendant la premiere partie de la Periode d'activito (16 heures a 23-24 heures) alors que dans la seconde moitio, ils sont ateatoires et localises dans des sites ou la nourriture est Sparse. Lorsque les ratons ont trouvo une nouvelle source majeure de nourriture dans une aire mineure, ils y sont retournls de plus bonne heure les nuits suivantes. En combinant les facteurs heure d'activite 1 , longueur et sens des passages, nous avons obtenu 8 types possibles d'activite dont 7 s'observorent dans la re'alite'. Nous n'avons docelo aucune correlation directe entre intensity du flux d'activite* et les facteurs climatiques. Ces derniers agissent surtout indirectement par les gvanements biotiques qu'ils favorisent ou accentuent.
Background. The clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is variable. Staging systems define high risk groups, such as patients with Rai's Stage III and IV and Binet's stage C disease, as having a poor overall median survival. Most combination therapy programs have resulted in similar results. Chlorambucil remains the most commonly used drug, and new drugs, such as fludarabine, are promising. Methods. Fifty‐three patients with poor prognosis CLL (Stage III and IV) underwent chlorambucil treatment at a high intermittent dose. When Stage 0 was obtained, patients were considered responders and kept under surveillance. When the patients stopped responding after one or several courses of chlorambucil, further therapy was performed, including splenectomy (29 patients) and total lymph node irradiation (9 of the 29 splenectomized patients). Results. The overall median survival was 60 months. Thrombocytopenia and anemia were resolved in 55% and 82% of the patients, respectively, after chlorambucil therapy and in 85% and 100%, respectively, after splenectomy. Complications occurred in 34% of the splenectomized population. Total lymph node irradiation was poorly tolerated in 66% of the patients. When this analysis was performed, 24 patients were classified as having Stage 0 disease with no disease progression for a mean of 21 months. Conclusions. Therapy programs allowing the selection of responders by the successive use of high intermittent dose chlorambucil and splenectomy may be beneficial in treating patients with advanced stage CLL. Because of its toxicity, total lymph node irradiation has no significant therapeutic effect. Cancer 1995;75:2853–61.
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