The nitritation-anammox process, which involves partial aerobic oxidation of the ammonium to nitrite and following oxidation of ammonium by nitrite to molecular nitrogen, is an efficient and cost-effective approach for biological nitrogen removal from wastewater. To characterize the microbial communities involved in the nitrogen and carbon cycles in wastewater treatment bioreactors employing this process, we sequenced the metagenome of a sludge sample collected from the lab-scale nitritation-anammox sequencing-batch reactor. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were the most numerous groups. Anammox bacteria belonged to the genus Candidatus Brocadia. The obtained data will help to investigate the taxonomical and functional diversity the microbial communities involved in nitritation-anammox process, and will be used for genome-based analysis of uncultured bacterial lineages. The raw sequencing data is available from the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRR9831403) database under the BioProject PRJN0A55627.

Improving the safety of human life is one of the main tasks of scientific and technological progress. A dangerous situation occurs when a person is in a dangerous area, i.e. in a space where constantly, periodically, or occasionally there are situations caused by factors that lead to gradual or instantaneous damage to human health. Fire is one of these situations. The safety of technical systems is solidly linked to their reliability. In firefighting automation, the main purpose of calculating reliability is to determine the probability of failure-free operation of the equipment of the system. The value obtained is subsequently used to calculate individual fire risk. To ensure technical safety, it is a universal practice to use system approach and system analysis, which allows us to consider technical security as a system. One of the specific characters of determining the reliability of computer-aided systems is the difference between the reliability indicators of the main elements of the system and the automation system as a whole. The more complex the system, the less reliable it is. The article considers the main problems leading to the efficiency loss of particular items of equipment included in the technical safety systems and formulates the tasks and methods for their reliability assessment. The research features the fire safety system of an industrial building, which includes an automatic fire alarm system and a warning and evacuation system. The paper contains an example of calculating the reliability for an automatic fire alarm system. The authors propose some ways of improving the existing system. The results are processed and presented by the main indicators of system reliability, which are the failure rate and the failure-free operation probability for particular items of equipment and the system as a whole. The research revealed that a manual detector, used as a standby item in the system of thermal and smoke fire detectors, makes it possible to reduce the failure rate of the system and increase the average time of failure-free operation. Thus, it improves the indicators of the system reliability and increases the safety of industrial buildings.

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Introduction. Rational use of dairy raw materials is important for the national economy. The research objective was to improve the existing technologies of milk raw material processing using new type membrane equipment with polarization layer diversion. The process was mathematically simulated according to the theory of automatic control and transfer functions. Study objects and methods. The study featured a new installation constructed on the basis of a membrane device with membrane layer diversion. The new equipment can serve as a basis for a novel low-waste and non-waste technology. Unlike traditional membrane apparatus, this one has three flows: a more concentrated polarization layer (concentrate), a core layer of retentat, and a layer of permeat. The mathematical model of the process can describe the behavior of any dynamic system of almost any structure and complexity. Results and its discussion. The simulation showed that recycling of the diverted concentrate can intensify the concentration. To increase the intensity of membrane concentration in such installations, partial recirculation of the concentrate flow can be recommended, with its subsequent transfer to the main flow. Partial recycling of the retentate flow did not prove effective, as it did no increase the concentration of the final product. However, it can be used for a more complete extraction of the target component. This aspect requires further research. Conclusions. The paper introduces a new technology that improves the concentration of milk raw materials and possesses practical importance.

Повышение качества регулирования технологических переменных в условиях современного производства возможно за счет замены классических алгоритмов управления нечеткими. Нечеткие системы автоматического управления используются в химических, нефтегазовых отраслях, в энергетике. Предложена методика формирования структуры нечеткой системы автоматического регулирования температуры эмулятора печи ОВЕН. Выбраны лингвистические входные и выходная переменные регулятора. Представлены правила нечеткой логики ПИ и ПИД регуляторов и способ формирования базы правил. Исходя из значений параметров настройки классического регулятора, определены диапазоны изменения лингвистических переменных нечеткого регулятора. Формирование структуры нечеткой системы автоматического регулирования выполнено в среде MatLAB. Фаззификация и дефаззификация сигналов осуществляются с помощью треугольных термов. Моделирование классической и нечеткой систем автоматического регулирования температуры выполнено в приложении Simulink. Нечеткая система регулирования является работоспособной и устойчивой. Получены кривые переходных процессов в замкнутой системе. Определены прямые показатели качества регулирования. Установлено, что динамическая ошибка в системе автоматического регулирования температуры эмулятора печи ОВЕН снижена более чем в 3 раза. Методика формирования структуры нечеткой системы автоматического регулирования универсальна и применима при автоматизации объектов энергетики, химической, нефтегазовой и других отраслей.