Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiac disease. We aimed to reduce this risk factor for lowering serum cholesterol levels by making dietary changes. Beta-glucan are glucose polymers present in cereal grains as barley, consumption of the whole grain or concentrated β-glucan preparation showed to lower blood lipid profile and atherogenic ratios. Fifty male albino rats were assigned into five groups. The control group received standard diet, the hyperlipidemic group fed 1% cholesterol and 20% coconut oil in the diet for 8 weeks. The β-glucan treated group received high fat diet for 4 weeks then high fat diet plus barley β-glucan 10 mg/rats given orally for more 4 weeks. The β-glucan protected group received standard diet +10 mg/rat barley β-glucan for 2 weeks then high fat diet + barley β-glucan 10 mg/rat for another 8 weeks. The β-glucan group received standard diet + barley β-glucan 10 mg/rat for 8 weeks. The hyperlipidemic rats showed an increase in lipid profile, total lipid, phospholipids, atherogenic indices, liver enzymes, kidney functions and glucose level while a decrease in HDL-C and albumin compared with the control group. Moreover, histological examination of liver tissue of hyperlipidemic rats showed fatty hepatocytes compared with the control. Administration of barley β-glucan 10 mg/rat in treated and protected groups ameliorated the levels of lipids, atherogenic indices, liver functions, kidney functions and glucose. In addition, the liver tissues showed improved pathological alterations.