Abstract:The objective of research concerned verifying the accuracy of the location and shape of selected lakes presented on topographical maps from various periods, drawn up on different scales. The area of research covered lakes situated in NorthWestern Poland on the Międzychód-Sieraków Lakeland. An analysis was performed of vector maps available in both analogue and digital format. The scales of these studies range from 1:50 000 to 1:10 000. The source materials were current for the years 1907 through 2013. The shape and location of lakes have been verifi ed directly by means of fi eld measurements performed using the GPS technology with an accuracy class of RTK. An analysis was performed of the location and shape of fi ve lakes. The analysed water regions were vectorised, and their vector images were used to determine quantitative features: the area and length of the shoreline. Information concerning the analysed lakes obtained from the maps was verifi ed on the basis of direct fi eld measurements performed using a GPS RTK receiver. Use was made of georeferential corrections provided by the NAVGEO service or a virtual reference station generated by the ASG EUPOS system. A compilation of cartographic and fi eld data formed the basis for a comparison of the actual area and the length of the shoreline of the studied lakes. Cartographic analyses made it possible to single out the most reliable cartographic sources, which could be used for the purposes of hydrographical analyses. The course of shorelines shows the attached map.

The issue of the negative impact of noise on the natural environment is frequently ignored (in spite of its universality), in particular as regards urban and heavily built-up areas. The research presented herein was concerned with a housing estate located in Poznań (Poland). Its area totals approximately 0.55 km 2. The area contains structures covered by acoustic protection (multifamily building development and multi-family residential development). Noise level measurements were performed at designated points. The research made use of the Database of Topographical Structures-a digital study with a level of detail corresponding to a map on a scale of 1:10,000. It served as a backdrop for presenting the location of measurement stations and the sound level distribution; structures subject to protection against noise and areas with unfavourable acoustic conditions were both indicated. The results of the study may prove useful in administrative urban planning undertakings concerned with decreasing the noxiousness of noise or preserving areas characterised by a relative acoustic comfort.

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The aim of the research was to analyse land use changes and to develop a coherent base on the basis of available cartographic source materials – archival and contemporary topographic maps and spatial databases. The presented research is a continuation of works related to the cartographic visualization of changes in the distribution of the settlement network in the Noteć Forest – one of the largest forest complexes in Poland. The analysis was performed for nine villages together with their immediate surroundings, located in this area. The total surface area of lands covered by the study was 32,468 km2. Cartographic source materials were collected for selected areas. The archival maps were georeferenced and then digitized. In this way, the data has been transformed into a homogeneous system enabling further comparisons and analyses in an automated manner. Geodetic software (C-Geo), GIS (MapInfo, QGIS) and GNSS technology were used in the work. Cartographic sources can be successfully used for spatial analyses and environmental studies, providing reliable and available quantitative data. This type of research is important because it shows the changes taking place in the natural environment and can be used in works related to spatial planning, landscape ecology and social research.