RESUMO Os helmintos são comumente relatados em infecções de aves silvestres. Essas infecções parasitárias geralmente não desencadeiam quadros clínicos, mas podem ter curso fatal em alguns casos. A mortalidade depende de fatores como estresse em cativeiro, ambiente inadequado e contato com hospedeiros intermediários. Os ovos dos endoparasitas são eliminados junto às fezes das aves hospedeiras. O diagnóstico das infecções é feito através de análises coproparasitológicas. Técnicas laboratoriais de microscopia direta, flutuação e sedimentação espontânea do material fecal são utilizadas para a detecção dos ovos. Por possuírem diferenças morfológicas no tamanho, espessura e formato, os ovos possibilitam a identificação dos helmintos parasitas de aves silvestres. Medidas de prevenção e controle envolvem desinfecção ambiental e garantia da imunocompetência das aves, além de se evitar recintos compartilhados com diferentes espécies de aves. O tratamento deve ser determinado de acordo com os resultados das análises coproparasitológicas, que devem ser repetidas com certa frequência. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: análises, aves, parasitologia HELMINTHS EGGS FOUND IN WILD BIRDS FECES ABSTRACT Helminths are commonly reported in wild bird infections. These parasitic infections usually don't cause clinical signs but may have a fatal course in some cases. Mortality depends on factors such as captive stress, inadequate environment and contact with intermediate hosts. The endoparasites eggs pass out of the avian host with the feces. The diagnosis of the infections is done through coproparasitological analysis. Laboratory techniques such as direct microscopy, flotation and spontaneous sedimentation of fecal material are used for the detection of the eggs. Due to the morphological differences in size, thickness and shape, the eggs enable the identification of the parasites. Prevention and control measures involve environmental disinfection, ensuring the immunocompetence of the birds and avoiding enclosures with different species of wild birds. The treatment must be

Objective: Resection of the primary tumor in metastatic breast cancer is controversial in literature. Some evidence have suggested that women who undergo resection of the primary metastatic breast cancer achieved improved survival outcomes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of primary tumor resection (PTR) in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methodology: Literature review. We performed our search in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Wiley Online Library, Scopus, and PubMed Central (PMC). Eight studies from 2016-2019, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis, and systematic reviews were selected. Results: Although there are some polemic opinions about the surgical treatment, the latest studies that we have analyzed emphasized that PTR is associated with better prognosis in women with metastatic breast cancer. In most studies, it was reported in literature that progression-free survival (PFS) is better on those who underwent surgery. In addition, primary tumor resection has been reported to be associated with longer progression-free survival at a distance (Hazard Ratios 0.42). Improved survival was even associated with surgery regardless of tumor size. An expert group of oncologists from India came to a consensus that surgery for primary tumor should be done in patients with oligometastatic breast cancer. A similar conclusion was reached by a research group in Mexico, who suggest that PTR has a positive impact on women PFS and borderline overall survival, particularly benefiting those with oligomethasic disease. Primary tumor resection was also associated with a longer median overall survival (OS). On a study conducted in USA, which included 29,916 patients with metastatic breast cancer, 15,129 (51%) underwent primary tumor resection, and 14,787 (49%) patients did not undergo surgery. OS achieved was 34 vs 18 months, in favor of surgical patients. A retrospective cohort study in USA registered survival of at least 10 years seen in 9.6% (n=353) and 2.9% (n=107) of those who did and did not receive surgery, respectively. Additionally, those undergoing surgery had longer median survival than those who did not (28 months vs 19 months). In women with de novo stage IV breast cancer, current studies show that surgical resection of the primary tumor occurs in almost half of those alive 1 year after diagnosis. However, we acknowledge that there are considerable discussions about the selection of patients, since most studies are likely to choose those with good status performance. Conclusion: The primary role of local treatment to the breast in metastatic breast cancer is palliation. Patients with metastatic disease should be evaluated for possible local management of the primary if it may control local complications from the cancer (e.g. bleeding, infection, or wound management). Based in the analysis, primary tumor resection in metastatic breast cancer is associated with higher survival rates, when compared to not surgical gro...

IntroduçãoO presente trabalho aborda uma discussão sobre a sexualidade através de atividades práticas integrativas, por meio de uma dinâmica sobre doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, essa atividade foi aplicada e supervisionada pelos alunos do curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Relato de ExperiênciaA adolescência é marcada pelas constantes mudanças físicas, emocionais e cognitivas, e esse turbilhão de novidades levam os jovens a um caminho novo a ser explorado, o inicio da vida sexual.A mídia e os meios de comunicações estimulam uma iniciação sexual cada vez mais precoce, uma vez que quanto menor for a idade, menor o grau de instrução sobre temas sexuais (OLIVEIRA, 2009). Estamos atrasados quando apoiamos está visão de que a educação sexual pode ser um ato de violência e estimularia o inicio da vida sexual precoce, pois Freud há décadas já defendia a ideia de que a sexualidade é algo que nasce com os seres humanos, sendo assim de máxima importância sua abordagem na escola como instância de prevenção e saúde (FONSECA, 2002). Uma dinâmica foi usada como prática que integrasse os alunos aos conteúdos relacionados à aula de DST's e estimulassem o diálogo, reprimindo sua timidez de falar sobre o assunto. A aula sobre doenças sexualmente transmissíveis foi executada na Escola Estadual Professora Amélia Coelho, no município de Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, com alunos do primeiro ano do ensino médio.Tivemos como subsidio o manual de atividades educativas da organização Promundo. A dinâmica é nomeada "Cadeia de Transmissão", foram utilizados um aparelho de som, fichas de papel e canetas.

Objectives: This study aims to estimate the surgical procedures used to approach hystopal lesions with malignancy in women, according to the age group, in the city of Brasilia during the period from September 2009 to July 2015. Methodology: This study was carried out through research in the country's unified health system (SUS, acronym in Portuguese) database, SISMAMA tabnet. Results: Age groups ranging from 20 to over 70 years were selected in the mentioned period, generating a total of 1,103 surgical procedures performed. Women between the ages of 45-49 represent the age group with the highest number of procedures 17.31% (191) of the total, with Core Biopsy (CB) being the most common, 29.84% (57) the total and secondly the incisional biopsy with 9.2% (18). The second age group with the highest number of procedures is the one that includes women between 50-54 years of age with 15.23% (168) procedures, being CB also more prevalent with 33.92% (57), followed by incisional biopsy (IB) and simple mastectomy (SM), 7.14% (12). In third place, it stands out women between 60-64 years and those with more than 70, each age group responsible for 12.60% (139) cases, in both CB was the preferred form of approach with a total of 28.05% (39) and 39.56% (55) respectively, followed by IB 12.94% (18) and in women older than 70, the second procedure was the segmental resection 10.79% (15). Conclusion: There is a gap in the country's data system, since the most recent data are from 2015. With this we can conclude that the government needs to do a better approach to encourage corroboration with the data. After the epidemiological analysis, the highest number of malignant findings was observed in women aged 45 to 49 years, with the surgical approach being preferred to CB followed by IB.

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