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Since the intricate and complex steps in pathogenesis and host-viral interactions of arthropod-borne viruses or arboviruses are not completely understood, the multi-omics approaches, which encompass proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics and metabolomics network analysis, are of great importance. We have reviewed the omics studies on mosquito-borne viruses of the Togaviridae, Peribuyaviridae and Phenuiviridae families, specifically for Chikungunya, Mayaro, Oropouche and Rift Valley Fever viruses. Omics studies can potentially provide a new perspective on the pathophysiology of arboviruses, contributing to a better comprehension of these diseases and their effects and, hence, provide novel insights for the development of new antiviral drugs or therapies.

Vitamin B 12 acts as a cofactor for various metabolic reactions important in living organisms. The Vitamin B 12 biosynthesis is restricted to prokaryotes, which means, all eukaryotic organisms must acquire this molecule through diet. This study presents the investigation of Vitamin B 12 metabolism and the characterization of precorrin-4 C(11)-methyltransferase (CobM), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of Vitamin B 12 in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis . The analysis of the C . pseudotuberculosis genome identified two Vitamin B 12 -dependent pathways, which can be strongly affected by a disrupted vitamin metabolism. Molecular dynamics, circular dichroism, and NMR-STD experiments identified regions in CobM that undergo conformational changes after s-adenosyl-L-methionine binding to promote the interaction of precorrin-4, a Vitamin B 12 precursor. The binding of s-adenosyl-L-methionine was examined along with the competitive binding of adenine, dATP, and suramin. Based on fluorescence spectroscopy experiments the dissociation constant for the four ligands and the target protein could be determined; SAM (1.4 ± 0.7 µM), adenine (17.8 ± 1.5 µM), dATP (15.8 ± 2.0 µM), and Suramin (6.3 ± 1.1 µM). The results provide rich information for future investigations of potential drug targets within the C . pseudotuberculosis’s Vitamin B12 metabolism and related pathways to reduce the pathogen’s virulence in its hosts.

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