INTRODUCTION: Numerous publications have verified that tooth extraction is followed by dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge contour. The resorption of the alveolar ridge is more pronounced on the buccal than on the lingual aspect of the extraction socket. In particular, in the aesthetic zone, the successive soft and hard tissue deficiencies can interfere with optimal implant positioning and hamper the overall aesthetic outcome of implant-supported prostheses. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate the socket shield technique clinically and radiographically as a new modality for immediate implantation in comparison to the conventional technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: twenty patients were included in this study (n=20). They were divided in two groups; group I: Ten maxillary single rooted teeth were extracted followed by immediate implant placement using the socket shield technique. Group II: Ten maxillary single rooted teeth were extracted followed by immediate implant placement using the conventional technique. All implants were evaluated clinically and radiographically to evaluate bone loss on intervals of 1, 4 and 7 months. RESULTS: the mean horizontal and vertical bone loss value in socket shield technique group was 0.09±0.03mm & 0.43±0.23mm contrary to the conventional implantation after 7 months follow up, which was 0.33±0.14mm & 1.56±0.77mm which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The socket shield technique was beneficial in preserving the buccal bone plate

INTRODUCTION:Open reduction-internal fixation (ORIF) of extracapsular condylar fracture is necessary when there is a displacement of 10-45•, or a shortening of the ramus by more than 2 mm. The two miniplates is considered the gold standard in fixation of condylar fractures. however, it needs a certain size of the proximal segment restricting its use to low condylar neck fracture. Recently a 3D rhombic plate was introduced, which can be used with high condylar neck fracture, while still providing good anatomical positioning and stability. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate both clinically and radiographically the three dimensional rhombic plate compared with the two miniplates in the fixation of mandibular subcondylar fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective clinical study was performed on 20 patients with extracapsular condyle fractures. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I was treated with the three dimensional rhombic plate and group II was treated with two miniplates. RESULTS:There was a significant difference in the maximal mouth opening between the two groups at 3 months postoperatively in favor of the study group, however there was no significant difference in mandibular mobility throughout the follow up period.20% of patients from group (I) and 30% of patients from group (II) had lateral deviation in mouth opening on the first week.This was absent in both groups on the third week postoperatively.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant one week. The mean bone density in the study group was statistically significantly higher than the control group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS:The application of the Rhombic plate for the stable osteosynthesis of condylar fractures ensures satisfactory treatment results, both from the clinical and the radiological points of view.

INTRODUCTION:Bone regeneration represents an important challenge in oral surgery. Several means have been employed to improve bone healing, each having several advantages and disadvantages. The search for new materials and methods is an ongoing process. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bone inductive effect of the freeze-dried human amniotic membrane (FDAM) as a novel biomaterial for bone regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve adult male dogs were involved in this study. Bilateral critical-sized mandibular defects were created in each dog. One defect was left uncovered as a control. The other defect was covered with a double layered sterile freeze-dried human amniotic membrane (FDAM) to serve as a study. At each of three time points -4, 8, and 12 weeks -four dogs were euthanized and their mandibles were harvested en bloc and osteotomy sites were submitted for histochemical examination to evaluate bone healing. RESULTS: The tissue samples were obtained after 4, 8, and 12 weeks for histochemical examination. The FDAM was found to enhance the blood supply to the defect area in the study group and gave rise to bone induction (P ˂0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study findings indicate that the FDAM has the potential for the enhancement of bone healing and bone induction.

The prevalence of dentoalveolar fracture is usually seen among children and adolescents boys, 3 times more than girls that is due to its etiology, namely road traffic accident (minor accident), child abuse, and fall from high or epileptic seizures. It may occur as an isolated clinical entity or in conjunction with any other bone fracture. Bone adhesive to hold these fractures would be of great benefit. Recently N2 butylcyanoacrylate is being clinically used with minimal complications. The study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of N2 butylcyanoacrylate adhesive material in the fixation of dentoalveolar mandibular fractures. 6 adults mongrel dogs 12 to 24 months old, weighting 9 to13 kg on average were used in this study. Dogs were anesthetized. A full mucoperiosteal flaps were raised on the premolar area; two vertical 1 cm osteotomies were carried out mesial and distal joined with a horizontal one. Few drops of N2-Butylcyanoacrylate (N2BCA) Histoacryl were applied to fix the fracture; on the left side the fractures were fixed conventionally with circumdental wire. Suturing is done on both sides. Despite of the slow healing rate at the N2BCA site both groups showed an uneventful healing that is free of inflammation and displacement. Both methods showed similar results; we claim that N2 butylcyanoacrylate is an alternative to circumdental wiring in fixation of dentoalvolar fractures.

INTRODUCTION:Rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with dental implants is challenging. The deficient alveolar ridge interferes with implant insertion of adequate length placed in the correct position and with the accurate inclination. The transcrestal sinus elevation procedure has become an important preprosthetic surgical procedure for bone creation in the posterior maxilla prior to implant placement. OBJECTIVES: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of using ballooning technique for sinus lift simultaneous with implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on fourteen patients who were divided into two groups. Patients, with limited bone height below the floor of the maxillary sinus, were selected on the basis of history, clinical and radiographic examination using cone beam computed tomography. In group A, elevation of sinus membrane using ballooning technique without graft material and implants were placed simultaneously. While in group B, after sinus membrane elevation using ballooning technique, augmentation using biphasic calcium phosphate simultaneously with the implant placement were done. The bone density was measured in Hounsfield unit using ondemand3d software of the cone beam computed tomography. Also, the bone height was measured using cone beam computed tomography. RESULTS: Successful sinus membrane balloon lifting procedures were performed in 14 cases; in both groups there was no sinus membrane perforation. A total of 14 implants were placed. The radiographic examination showed the mean elevated height after 6 months by balloon in group A was 10.43 with SD ±1. 56mm.while in group B was10.31 ± 1.86. CONCLUSIONS: The use of balloon technique to elevate the sinus membrane is a minimally invasive technique and is associated with very little discomfort and complication.