INTRODUCTION:Open reduction-internal fixation (ORIF) of extracapsular condylar fracture is necessary when there is a displacement of 10-45•, or a shortening of the ramus by more than 2 mm. The two miniplates is considered the gold standard in fixation of condylar fractures. however, it needs a certain size of the proximal segment restricting its use to low condylar neck fracture. Recently a 3D rhombic plate was introduced, which can be used with high condylar neck fracture, while still providing good anatomical positioning and stability. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate both clinically and radiographically the three dimensional rhombic plate compared with the two miniplates in the fixation of mandibular subcondylar fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective clinical study was performed on 20 patients with extracapsular condyle fractures. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I was treated with the three dimensional rhombic plate and group II was treated with two miniplates. RESULTS:There was a significant difference in the maximal mouth opening between the two groups at 3 months postoperatively in favor of the study group, however there was no significant difference in mandibular mobility throughout the follow up period.20% of patients from group (I) and 30% of patients from group (II) had lateral deviation in mouth opening on the first week.This was absent in both groups on the third week postoperatively.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant one week. The mean bone density in the study group was statistically significantly higher than the control group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS:The application of the Rhombic plate for the stable osteosynthesis of condylar fractures ensures satisfactory treatment results, both from the clinical and the radiological points of view.

Introduction: After tooth extraction, the extraction socket heals by forming a blood clot which leads to the formation of new bone within 3-4 months. Although bone deposition in the socket will continue for several months, it will not reach the crestal level of the neighboring teeth. Objective: Is to clinically and radiographically evaluate the use of Bioscaffold Alvelac™ in preservation of dimensional measure of alveolar bone after extraction of teeth. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on twelve patients divided in to two equal groups (study group and control group). Indicated for extraction of anterior maxillary teeth, in the study group, the bioscaffold Alvelac™ was inserted into the empty socket after extraction and was supported by 3-0 silk with figure of eight sutures. In the control group, extraction of upper anterior teeth was done without introducing any material and the wound was sutured. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease of alveolar bone width and height in both groups at three months postoperative interval compared with the bone width and height at the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion: Immediate tooth extraction stabilizes the bioscaffold Alvelac™ material in the socket and allows it to act as a scaffold for bone deposition. From this study, it is clear that, this material allows preservation of the dimensional measure of the alveolar bone.

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INTRODUCTION: Atrophic mandibular jaws have been challenging to treat, using long implants. Techniques as jaw ridge augmentations, mandibular canal lateralization, and osseous distraction were proposed to allow the insertion of long Implants. However, complications as nerve injuries, tissue morbidity and prolonged healing have been inconvenient. Therefore, short implants with advanced surface treatments have been suggested. OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of short implants' success for teeth replacement in atrophic mandibular ridges, loaded by either single or splinted screw retained crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective study was done on 16 Patients with missing posterior teeth, with 6-8 mm of crestal height above the mandibular canal, and at least 7mm of bone width. Group A: 8 patients received 2 short implants loaded by splinted crowns. Group B: 8 patients received single short implants loaded by single crowns. Osstell and CBCTs were used for implant stability and bone condition assessment. RESULTS: Both groups maintained high implant stability with a mean of (68.79±4.61) for group A and (71.71±3.55) for group B, 6 months postoperative. Mean marginal bone loss for group A and group B was (0.11±0.04) and (0.16±0.10) respectively; however the difference is insignificant with P value 0.535. A remarkable increase in bone density for both groups among the follow up time with P value <0.001 for both. CONCLUSIONS: Short Implant is a useful solution for teeth replacement in atrophic posterior mandibular ridges, with an 87.5% of success recorded.

INTRODUCTION:Rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with dental implants is challenging. The deficient alveolar ridge interferes with implant insertion of adequate length placed in the correct position and with the accurate inclination. The transcrestal sinus elevation procedure has become an important preprosthetic surgical procedure for bone creation in the posterior maxilla prior to implant placement. OBJECTIVES: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of using ballooning technique for sinus lift simultaneous with implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on fourteen patients who were divided into two groups. Patients, with limited bone height below the floor of the maxillary sinus, were selected on the basis of history, clinical and radiographic examination using cone beam computed tomography. In group A, elevation of sinus membrane using ballooning technique without graft material and implants were placed simultaneously. While in group B, after sinus membrane elevation using ballooning technique, augmentation using biphasic calcium phosphate simultaneously with the implant placement were done. The bone density was measured in Hounsfield unit using ondemand3d software of the cone beam computed tomography. Also, the bone height was measured using cone beam computed tomography. RESULTS: Successful sinus membrane balloon lifting procedures were performed in 14 cases; in both groups there was no sinus membrane perforation. A total of 14 implants were placed. The radiographic examination showed the mean elevated height after 6 months by balloon in group A was 10.43 with SD ±1. 56mm.while in group B was10.31 ± 1.86. CONCLUSIONS: The use of balloon technique to elevate the sinus membrane is a minimally invasive technique and is associated with very little discomfort and complication.