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Purpose: To evaluate the psychosocial effects of strabismus surgery, the authors investigated the psychiatric symptoms and quality of life of children with strabismus and their parents. Methods: Children with strabismus between 6 and 18 years old (n = 39) and their parents (n = 39) were included. Psychiatric problems and the health-related quality of life were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, respectively. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered to children and parents, respectively. All assessments were conducted before and 3 months after strabismus surgery. Results: Compared with preoperative assessments, children with strabismus had significantly fewer psychiatric problems and a better quality of life after the surgery ( P < .001). Following surgery, decreased symptom levels of anxiety scores were also obtained from children and their parents ( P < .001). The amount of ocular realignment was directly correlated with improvement in social and attention problems among children ( r = 0.354 and r = 0.324, respectively; P < .05). Conclusions: Successful strabismus surgery has positive effects on psychosocial functioning and quality of life in children and their families. Surgical interventions seem beneficial for the management of strabismus in improving both physical and mental health. [ J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus . 2022;59(4):261–268.]

There has been growing evidence that autistic traits are more represented in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to investigate autistic traits associated with responding joint attention (RJA) abilities and face scanning patterns using eye-tracking in children with ADHD, and to compare with typically developing peers (TDs). All child participants viewed a series of videos related to male and female children under congruent and incongruent conditions during eye-tracking evaluation. The object and face regions of the models within the videos were determined as areas of interest (AOIs). Children with ADHD had significantly elevated ratings of autistic traits than TDs. Time course analysis of the proportion of fixations (PoF) on object region determined that children with ADHD tended to show more interest in the objects and had higher PoF on face interest area, including eyes and mouth compared to TD children in the videos when the male/female model shifts his/her gaze to the corner. Higher SRS scores were associated with higher PoF on the Face AOI in both groups. Given these findings, social skill interventions directly targeting the core deficits of RJA and problems in facial scanning appears to be beneficial in children with ADHD.

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