This research was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and thiamine following experimental diabetes. Fifty-six 6-week-old female mice were used and divided into seven groups of eight animals. Diabetes was induced in fasted mice by using intraperitoneal (IP) injection of alloxan (180 mg/kg). Groups included (I) non-diabetic control, (II) thiamine (30 mg/l, IP), (III) alloxan-induced diabetic mice, (IV) diabetes + ZnO NPs (0.1 mg/kg IP), (V) diabetes + ZnO NPs (0.5 mg/kg IP), (VI) diabetes + ZnO NPs (0.1 mg/kg IP) + thiamine (30 mg/l, IP), and (VII) diabetes + ZnO NPs (0.5 mg/kg IP) + thiamine (30 mg/l, IP). Coincident with pancreas recovery, in diabetic treated mice (groups IV to VII), the mean islet volume, islets per square micrometer, and volume density of the pancreas had increased than in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. ZnO NPs and thiamine induced a decreasing blood glucose, lower serum triglyceride (TG), LDL, and total cholesterol (TC) levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice treated with ZnO NPs and thiamine, simultaneously increasing HDL as well. In conclusion, ZnO NPs and thiamine are potent antidiabetic factors, and that, these compound supplementation possesses hypoglycemic properties and have effect on serum lipid parameters in diabetes mice.

Using light and electron microscopy, the rectum-coprodeum (R-C) segment of two species of chickens was examined. Six domestic fowls (Gallus domesticus) and 12 broiler chickens (ROSS 308) with the same ages were chosen for this study. Intestinal samples were sectioned with stereological procedures for quantitative studies. Sections were stained with Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for the light microscopic study. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used for R-C segment. Villi structural variables, microvillus surface area, density and absolute surface area were considered. Results showed that the mucosa surface area decreased distally from rectum towards the coprodeum in both species. Parameters of the villi and microvilli surface area, absolute surface area and density showed decrease from proximal R-C segment towards distal. There was no significant difference in all the variables of the villi and microvilli in R-C segment (P > .05) between both species. The mean villi amplification factor in the R-C segment was low, but this factor in broiler chicken was higher (P > .05) than domestic fowl. There were no significant difference in thickness of the submucosal and muscular layers between both species (P > .05). The functional consequences in microvilli population are argued in relation to retrograde peristalsis within the rectum-coprodeum segment in birds.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract