Background
P‐wave dispersion (PWD) is believed to be caused by inhomogeneous atrial conduction. This statement, however, is based on limited little solid evidence. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between atrial conduction and PWD by means of invasive electrophysiological studies.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study in 153 patients with accessory pathways and atrioventricular node reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) undergoing an electrophysiological study. Different atrial conduction times were measured and correlated with PWD.
Results
Only the interatrial (P‐DCS) and left intra‐atrial conduction times (ΔDCS‐PCS) showed a significant correlation with PWD, but this correlation was weak. Multivariate linear regression analysis determined that both P‐DCS (β = 0.242; P = .008) and ΔDCS‐PCS (β = 0.295; P < .001) are independent predictors of PWD. Performing the multivariate analysis for arrhythmic substrates, it is observed that only ΔDCS‐PCS continued to be an independent predictor of PWD. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves showed that regardless of the types of arrhythmic substrates, PWD discriminates significantly, but moderately, to patients with P‐DCS and ΔDCS‐PCS ≥75 percentile.
Conclusions
Interatrial and intraleft atrial conduction times were directly and significantly correlated with PWD, but only weakly, and were independent predictors of PWD. In general, PWD correctly discriminates patients with high values in interatrial and intraleft atrial conduction times, but moderately. This is maintained in cases with accessory pathways; however, in patients with AVNRT it only does so for intraleft atrial conduction times. Interatrial and intraleft atrial conduction times weakly explains PWD.
The diagnosis of cryptogenic stroke is made by exclusion. However, current evidence supports the role of atrial fibrillation episodes as a cause of this condition. Prospective data have demonstrated the benefits of long‐term electrocardiographic monitoring to identify atrial fibrillation in association with cryptogenic stroke. This aim of this article was to analyze the contemporary evidence for the possible relationship between atrial fibrillation and cryptogenic stroke and the role of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring to clarify this hypothesis.
Highlights of the Study• Atrial fibrillation that occurs during electrophysiological studies is an indicator of electrical vulnerability. • We report a new predictor of atrial fibrillation within the second half of the P-wave.• The new parameter, maximum Ppeak-Pend, is an independent predictor of atrial fibrillation in electrophysiological studies. • Atrial conduction times predict the occurrence of atrial fibrillation during electrophysiological studies better than P-wave parameters.
SOUHRNÚvod: Elektrokardiografi cké markery fi brilace síní a jejich korelace se zánětlivými markery u kuřáků s akutním infarktem myokardu dosud nebyly hodnoceny. Materiál a metody: V článku se popisují výsledky zkřížené studie, která byla provedena v období od ledna 2012 do července 2014 ve fakultní nemocnici Hospital Universitario Celestino Hernández Robau v kubánském městě Santa Clara. Do studie bylo zařazeno celkem 115 pacientů. Vzorek byl rozdělen do dvou skupin (kuřáci a nekuřáci). Shromažďovali jsme jejich klinické a laboratorní údaje a porovnávali elektrokardiografi cké markery fi brilace síní se zánětlivými markery. Výsledky: Hodnota maximální délky vlny p byla u kuřáků významně vyšší než u nekuřáků (102 ± 12 vs. 97 ± 9 s; p = 0,020). U kuřáků jsou větší i minimální délka vlny p a její disperze, ne však významně (61 ± 10 vs. 60 ± 7; p = 0,476, resp. 41 ± 10 vs. 37 ± 9; p = 0,050). U kuřáků byla zjištěna pozitivní a významná lineární korelace mezi počtem neutrofi lů a maximální délkou vlny p (r = 0,45; p = 0,004), to však neplatilo pro nekuřáky (r = 0,09; p = 0,49). U kuřáků existuje negativní korelace mezi počtem lymfocytů a maximální délkou vlny p (r = -0,44; p = 0,004) stejně jako u nekuřáků (r = -0,07; p = 0,62). Závěr: Maximální délka vlny p je při akutním infarktu myokardu s elevacemi úseku ST u kuřáků větší než u nekuřáků. Počet neutrofi lů u kuřáků koreluje s maximální délkou vlny p; zatímco počet lymfocytů vykazuje negativní korelaci s maximální délkou vlny p.
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