Abstract:The development of new coagulants and flocculants, based on nature-abundant biodegradable natural raw materials, has been gaining more space in research centers as an environmental technology that follows the concept of eco friendly materials and the principles of green chemistry proposed in the 1990s. When well exploited, these multifunctional agents can reduce the operational cost of water treatment and expand access to this resource. In view of the promising prospects for the use of natural products as sources of biocomposites, this review aims to compile the several studies developed in recent years that report on the obtaining and efficiency of natural materials such as coagulants and flocculants of water for supply, with emphasis on the chitosan, Moringa oleifera seeds and vegetable tannins. In parallel, it is also intended to expose the limitations and harms of traditional coagulants based on inorganic salts and synthetic polymers, as well as their mechanisms of action, in contrast to the main physico-chemical parameters used in the quality control of natural and treated waters.Keywords: Natural products; Green chemistry; Natural coagulants; Water treatment. ResumoO desenvolvimento de novos coagulantes e floculantes, baseados em matérias-primas naturais biodegradáveis abundantes na natureza, vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço nos centros de pesquisa como uma tecnologia ambiental que segue o conceito de materiais eco friendly e os princípios da química verde propostos na década de 90. Quando bem explorados, esses agentes multifuncionais podem permitir a redução do custo operacional do tratamento de água e expandir o acesso a esse recurso. Em face as perspectivas promissoras do uso de produtos naturais como fontes de biocompostos, esta revisão tem como objetivos compilar os diversos estudos desenvolvidos nos últimos anos que relatam a obtenção e eficiência de materiais naturais como agentes coagulantes e floculantes de águas para abastecimento, com ênfase na quitosana, sementes da espécie Moringa oleífera e taninos vegetais. Em paralelo, pretende-se também expor as limitações e malefícios dos coagulantes tradicionais a base de sais inorgânicos e polímeros sintéticos, bem como seus mecanismos de atuação, contrastando com os principais parâmetros físico-químicos utilizados no controle de qualidade de águas naturais e tratadas.Palavras-chave: Produtos Naturais; Química verde; Coagulantes naturais; Tratamento de águas.
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