The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the lives not only of many people but also significantly affected the economy of individual countries and the world economy as a whole. The world has seen a reduction in production capacity due to the closure of borders between countries and the introduction of self-isolation. The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted the usual relationship between manufacturers and users and has made a major difference in transport. Such changes have been reflected in the regulation of relations regarding civil and criminal liability for offenses in the field of transport relations in a coronavirus pandemic. With this in mind, it is important to analyze the transformations of civil and criminal liability in the field of transport due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The work aims to analyze the civil and criminal liability in the field of transport relations due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The object of the study is a civil and criminal liability in the field of transport due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The subject of the study is the public relations that arise, change, and end during the prosecution of civil and criminal transport in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. The research methodology consists of such methods as the analytical method, historical method, method of analysis of legal documents, articles, and monographs, method of generalization, comparison, synthesis, and modeling. The study will analyze the changes that have taken place in the field of transport, namely the peculiarities of civil and criminal liability for violations in the field of transport during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as clarify the problematic issues of prosecution in the field of transport and controversial aspects pre-trial settlement of conflicts by the parties. The research also identified the main trends in the transport sphere in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and explained what changes need to be made to establish a mechanism for civil and criminal liability in the field of transport due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

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This article analyzes the liability that may arise in case of refusal to receive a COVID-19 vaccine shot, as well as vaccination-related problems in Ukraine and worldwide. We focused on the international and Ukrainian situation regarding the COVID-19 vaccination process. We also considered the legal framework on this issue. The main task of the study was to determine whether there is a liability, including criminal liability, for refusing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, the nuances, and the legal basis of this process. The research methodology includes general scientific and special scientific methods, such as systemic, structural, formal-legal, hermeneutic, and methods of analysis and synthesis. We found that COVID-19 vaccination is currently voluntary but not mandatory in Ukraine. At the same time, according to legal documents, vaccination against several diseases such as diphtheria, pertussis, measles, polio, tetanus, and tuberculosis is mandatory. Practically, this means that those who are subject to such preventive vaccinations may be subject to sanctions in the form of dismissal for refusing to vaccinate. Only a few foreign countries currently use mandatory COVID-19 vaccination for the entire adult population. More common is mandatory vaccination of certain categories of workers, including health workers, social workers, essential workers, civil servants, and others who are in close contact with people or whose health and well-being are of particular importance to national security.

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