Visualization of protein structures using stereoscopic systems is frequently needed by structural biologists working to understand a protein's structurefunction relationships. Often several scientists are working as a team and need simultaneous interaction with each other and the graphics representations. Most existing molecular visualization tools support single-user tasks, which are not suitable for a collaborative group. Expensive caves, domes or geowalls have been developed, but the availability and low cost of high-definition televisions (HDTVs) and game controllers in the commodity entertainment market provide an economically attractive option to achieve a collaborative environment. This paper describes a low-cost environment, using standard consumer game controllers and commercially available stereoscopic HDTV monitors with appropriate signal converters for structural biology collaborations employing existing binary distributions of commonly used software packages like Coot, PyMOL, Chimera, VMD, O, Olex2 and others.

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A significant amount of software has been developed to model the advanced life support aspects of a Mars surface habitat. Models, such as the BIO-Plex Baseline Simulation Model (Finn, 1999), have been useful in studying advanced life support systems. These models have been used to conduct trade study comparisons to determine which Advanced Life Support (ALS) technologies should currently be used in a habitat design. However, the present models and approaches require significant overhead to exchange one technology for another mostly because the models are mission centric and assume either that the habitat will be stationary or that the life of the habitat will be same as the mission duration. In other words, these models lack the desired level of modularity necessary to quickly complete multiple trade studies of different missions as the habitat evolves from mission to mission. The XML-based (Extensible Markup Language) Supply Chain Optimization and Protocol Environment (SCOPE) architecture provides a mechanism to achieve the required level of plug-and-play capability. SCOPE has previously been used to study policy interactions within several different supply chain networks (Orcun et. al). In this work, the SCOPE methodology is applied to a Mars surface habitat simulation without optimization. This results in a network of components such as crew members, storage, and ALS technologies. Each component is represented as a self-contained node in the network. For each node, there is an XML description of the required material inputs and outputs. The simulation engine interprets each description to form the entire network and to properly handle the interactions between each node in the network. In this work we will present a preliminary implementation of this architecture for habitat analysis and three case studies that demonstrate the challenges of habitat evolution. We also describe a virtual environment that visually displays the results from the simulation architecture.

Difficult concepts can be learned more easily by some learners by using visual methods. XRayiVIew is a simulator for X-ray diffraction experiments. In particular, it illustrates the Ewald sphere construction and the von Laue conditions of diffraction, the 3D reciprocal latttice, resolution, mosaicity and other basic components of singlecrystal diffraction experiments.. One can also simulate the collections of data using monochromatic or polychromatic sources. The software has new features to allow quizzes with feedback and background text material. The software works on multiple platforms in downloadable form and a web-based version is under development. The talk will illustrate some of the features.

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