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Designed objects acquire and project various qualities through their appearance, materials, price, and advertising. This is clearly apparent in the automotive industry: a Ford 'communicates' a certain message about its product qualities, while a Porsche 'communicates' an entirely different message. Logic leads us to question whether designed objects -in this case cars -do in fact project a specific image or social position that is conferred upon their owners? A considerable body of literature positively answers the first question, yet the second has been neglected. The aim of the current research was to investigate if product qualities are transferred to product owners, by providing empirical evidence showing a shift in third-party perception of an owner when associated with a specific car model. Using a method derived from environmental psychology which demonstrates that the room a person inhabits affects perceptions of that person -the Room Effect -the present research sought to uncover whether the same effect could be demonstrated when associating a person with a product. An internet survey visually depicting (male/female, Asian/Caucasian) owners alongside their (Mercedes Benz/Proton) cars asked respondents to rate the owner on scales representing personality (the Five-Factor Model), physical attributes, and social attributes. Results demonstrated a Product Effect, though not as expected. The effect was most pronounced for the Caucasian male, with lesser effects for the Caucasian and Asian females, and none for the Asian male. The discussion draws on evolutionary and social psychology to provide a plausible explanation for the results.

This review targets the BIM interface, the BIM multi-model approach, and the role of employing algorithms in BIM optimization to introduce the need for automation in the BIM technique, instead of complicating manual procedures in order to reduce possible errors. The challenge with adopting BIM lies in the limiting ability of computer-aided design (CAD) to generate a read-able and straightforward Revit by BIM, requiring the homogeneous data format to be generalized better and maintain a super data mod. Furthermore, the communication and management inter-face (CMI) faces some shortcomings due to limitations in its ability to recognize the role of the interface during the project construction phase. This review demonstrates several proposals to simplify the interface, in order to facilitate better communication amongst participants. The industry foundation class (IFC) model requires a new technique to unlock the potential future of intelligent buildings using the BIM multi-model approach integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT). Trials conducted to enhance the BIM model lack advanced methods for optimizing cost, energy consumption, labor, material movement, and the size of layout of the project, by utilizing heuristic, metaheuristic, and k-mean algorithms. The enhancement of BIM could involve algorithms to achieve better productivity, safety, cost, time, and construction frameworks. The review shows that some gaps and limitations still exist, especially considering the potential link between BIM and building management system (BMS) and the level of influence of the BIM-IoT prototype. Future work should find the best approach to solve facility management within the dynamic model, which is still under investigation.

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) has become increasingly important for the construction industry in Malaysia. BIM implementation process requires proper strategic planning and considerations from many aspects.Malaysian government has realised the importance of BIM as an emerging technology to transform the construction industry in Malaysia,and thus has classified BIM as one of the twelve main technology in  CIDB “Construction 4.0 Strategic Plan 2021-2025”. BIM implementation offer significant benefits to the power generation sector in Malaysia Thisstudy was conducted using the quantitaive research method in which questionnaires survey were distributed to the clients‘ representatives in the Malaysian power sector. This study has identified the 13 critical success factors to be considered by clients for BIM implementation in power plant projects in Malaysia. The success factors were classified based on the four (4) main fields or factors namely management, people, process and technology. The study findings show that management support is the most important success factor for the power plant projects while other success factors such as people, process and technology were also identified and discussed. ABSTRAK: Model Pembangunan Maklumat (BIM) merupakan sebuah konsep penting bagi industri pembinaan di Malaysia. Proses pelaksanaan BIM memerlukan perancangan strategik dan pertimbangan wajar dari pelbagai aspek. Kerajaan Malaysia sedar akan kepentingan BIM sebagai teknologi pemangkin dalam transformasi industri pembinaan Malaysia di mana BIM telah disenaraikan sebagai salah satu daripada 12 teknologi utama dalam CIDB “Plan Strategik 4.0 Pembangunan 2021-2025”. Pelaksanaan BIM memberi faedah ketara kepada sektor jana kuasa di Malaysia. Kajian ini dibuat menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif melalui kaji selidik ke atas wakil klien dalam sektor tenaga Malaysia. Kajian ini telah mengenal pasti 13 faktor kejayaan kritikal yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh klien bagi menghasilkan projek loji jana kuasa di Malaysia. Faktor kejayan ini telah diklasifikasi berdasarkan 4 bidang utama seperti pengurusan, pekerja, proses dan teknologi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa sokongan daripada pihak pengurusan merupakan faktor utama bagi kejayaan sesebuah projek jana kuasa, di samping faktor-faktor lain seperti pekerja, proses dan teknologi juga telah dikenal pasti dan dibincangkan.