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This study was aimed to demonstrate the incidence of  Hashimoto's disease in Iraqi patients and its correlation to some of the sociodemographic features. The research groups involved (50 patients with Hashimoto?s disease and 50 healthy subjects). All of them were subjected to the estimation of levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), TSH, anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg). The results demonstrated that there is a dramatic increase in the occurrence of HT in older patients. The age group (41-50 years old) was the most age group affected by Hashimoto's disease, followed by the age groups (31-40, 21-30, and 9-20 years old) respectively. A significant proportional correlation (R:0.952, P:0.024) was found between HT disease and aging. According to the gender, the results found that the vast majority (82%) of patients were females (P = 0.01). Also, the smoking percent was (40%) of patients. The presence of autoimmune thyroid disease in one or more individuals within the family (family history) was also evaluated and the results found that (28%) of the Hashimoto?s disease group have a positive family history of thyroid autoimmune diseases. It can be concluded from these results that females are more prone to developing Hashimoto?s disease compared to males, in other words, the female gender is a risk factor for the occurrence of autoimmune hypothyroidism. Also, the negative impact of smoking and family history gives an indication that these parameters are independent and don’t associate with Hashimoto?s disease at least in the current study.

Probiotic strains have the potential to be used as bio-preservatives and functional radical scavenging treatments in the future. Antioxidant tests, including DPPH radical scavenging, were used to evaluate the antioxidant effects of extracellular L-Glutaminase isolated from L. gasseri BRLHM. Parameters for the promoted production of the enzyme under minimal production media were optimized. The importance of this study lies in enhancing the production of the L-Glutaminase isolated from L. gasseri BRLHM with a high activity using these L. gasseri bacterial as antioxidant activity. In ion-exchange chromatography, the specific activity was 14.7U/mg protein, with 58.8% yield and 4.6 purification folds. In the gel filtration, the specific activity was 23.4 U/mg protein, with a yield of 54 % and 4.6 purification folds. According to the findings, L-Glutaminase isolated from L .gasseri BRLHM exhibited good antioxidant properties. As the concentration rose, there was a remarkable proportionate increase in scavenging activity. The IC50 values for control and L-Glutaminase were 36.09 1.12 and 619.8 gm/ml, respectively. The IC50 values were discovered to be 100 and 200 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: For the first time, the high of L-Glutaminase isolated L. gasseri BRLHM was shown to exhibit antioxidant. This could be a promising discovery for future radical scavenging treatments and antioxidant prophylaxis with natural probiotics.

This study was designed to evaluate the ability of bioemulsifier to inhibit the growth of some рathogenic microorganisms. Different Iraqi source of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested for their ability to рroduce bioemulsifier. The рroduction of bioemulsifier was detected by determination of emulsificаtion index (E24%), extracted and purified, the antimicrobial activity of рurifiеd bioemulsifier was tested against some рathogenic microorganisms. Results revealed that bioemulsifier reduced the growth of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staрhylococcus aureus, Рsеudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis. Article Info

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