Background: Vaccines are one of the most successful and cost-effective health intervention. It becomes imperative that use of vaccine was done through a proper framework of practical decision-making that confers positive health and economic benefits to the society of which Vaccine Wastage was a key factor. The aim of the study is to assess “Vaccine Wastage Rate” and “Wastage Factor” of different vaccines given to beneficiaries in Immunization Clinic and based on the above data, recommend measures to reduce it in the Immunization clinic  Methods: The present study was a Record Based Retrospective study carried out in Immunization Clinic in Madhav Dispensary of tertiary center at Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. The data was collected from 1 April 2015 - 31 March 2016.Results: Immunization Sessions were conducted in Immunization clinic during reference period and 7 vaccines BCG, OPV, DPT, Hepatitis B, pentavalent, measles and TT were given. Among individual vaccines, wastage rate and wastage factor in BCG (20.71 and 1.26), OPV (14.65 and 1.17), DPT (15.6 and 1.18), Hepatitis B (10.56 and 1.12), Pentavalent (5.2 and 1.05), Measles (21.68 and 1.28), TT (7.09 and 1.08), and IPV (10.49 and 1.12) was respectively.Conclusions: Vaccine wastage could be expected in all programmes and there should be an acceptable limit of wastage. Innovative techniques to be developed not only to reduce wastage but also the operational cost for convenience of children who were to be vaccinated and parents who bring their children for vaccination without compromising coverage.

INTRODUCTIONObesity is one of the most neglected and pervasive health problems worldwide affecting all ages, socioeconomic classes and ethnicities. It is rightly referred as "Globesity", as it has emerged as a global noncommunicable epidemic. 1 Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk factor for global deaths. Once considered a problem of developed country, overweight and obese are now on the rise even in the developing countries, particularly in urban settings. The WHO recognizes obesity as the greatest health threat of 21 st century. 2According to World Health Organization in 2014, more than 1.9 billion adults aged 18 years and older were obese. Overall, about 13% of the world' adult population (11% of men and 15% of women) were obese. A 30% of adults aged 18 years and over (38% of men and 40% of women) were overweight. The worldwide prevalence of obesity more than doubled between 1980 and 2014. 3 According to National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) in India overweight and obesity are nearly two times higher in urban areas than in rural areas and more common in women. A 20.7% of women and 18.9% of men are overweight or obese. 4 According to National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) 13.6% women (23.8% in urban and 9.1% in rural) and 10.9% men (17.6% in urban and 7.8% in rural) are overweight and obese in Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity has become a major chronic disorder affecting the larger population more than any other disease in the world. Objective was to determine the prevalence of obesity among the government employees of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior. Methods: The present study has been undertaken among government employees of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior in which all the employees were interviewed by a predesigned, pre-tested and pre-validated structured Questionnaire. Anthropometric data regarding weight and height was taken. The data was collected and analyzed using statistical software and chi square and other statistical tests were applied. Results: The study shows that among total 215 employees. 35 (21.21%) males and 21 (42%) females were found overweight and obese with the criteria of BMI more than 25 kg/m 2 . Conclusions: It was concluded from the present study that obesity is a chronic illness. Early detection and appropriate intervention could prevent various complications associated with it. BMI plays a crucial role.

A study to assess awareness regarding eye donation among post graduate medical students admitted through NEET pre PG 2014 of Gajra Raja medical college Gwalior, M.P., India Ranjana Tiwari*, Ajit Singh Rajput, Vikas Jain, Manish Goyal, Rakesh Mahore, Sakshi Tiwari INTRODUCTIONVision is the most important sense because it allows interacting freely with the environment and enjoying the beauty of life. Eye is sometimes called the "mirror of soul". It twinkles with humour, sparkles with joy, softens with worry, hardens with anger, and clouds when things go wrong or one loses hope. The eye often reflects physical health. 1 The use of sight is an integral part of early life experience. Most individuals are not consciously aware of the degree to which they depend on it for daily functioning. Once vision becomes significantly limited, it influences the activities of daily living. Even simple tasks become difficult to perform. So eye care is very important to maintain the eye health. The disease of the cornea is one of the major causes of blindness in India for which the vision can be restored by eye donation. Eye donation is an act of donating one's eyes after his/her death. Only corneal blindness can be benefitted through this process no other blinds. It is an act of charity, purely for the benefit of the society and is totally voluntary. 3Corneal blindness contributes 1% of total blindness. 4 Corneal blind can regain vision by keratoplasty and there ABSTRACT Background: According to WHO estimates India has 10 million blind populations. Corneal problems cause a significant proportion of blindness in India. Although effective strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by corneal transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness. The requirement of donor corneas per year is at least 20 times the current procurement. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitude of post graduate medical students regarding eye donation and their willingness to pledge eyes for donation. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study conducted using a pretested questionnaire on 116 Post graduate Medical Students but only 106 actually participated in the study. Results: A total of 106 students actually participated in the study. Among them 63 (59.43%) were males and 43 (40.57%) were females. The maximum percentages of the students were of age group 26-29 years. All the students were aware regarding eye donation but still they felt it was necessary to obtain consent from family members. Conclusion: These data showed that although the awareness is good but still there is imperative need to emphasize to evade myths concerning eye donation to promote eye donation.

Background: The obesity can be defined simply as the disease in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected. Physical activity is a key determinant of energy expenditure, and thus is fundamental to energy balance and weight control. Aims and objectives was to assess the BMI and physical activity among government employees working in different organizations of Gwalior city.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study. Five different government organizations were selected and from each organization 60 participants were selected randomly. A pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured interview based questionnaire was used for data collection from different participants. WHO BMI classification was used to classify participants.Results: In the present study 44% of the study participants were overweight/ pre-obese while 8.33% and 1.33% were in Obese Class I and Obese Class II respectively. 40.67% were doing physical exercise. The most common type of physical exercise was walking or jogging 72.13%.Conclusions: It was concluded that despite the known fact that obesity could have negative impact on the work capacity and physical fitness, only 40.67% were doing some physical exercise. Employees should be motivated to do daily exercise for the duration of at least 30 minutes.

Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a vector borne parasitic disease caused by lymphatic dwelling nematode parasite. It is one of the world's leading causes of permanent and long-term disability with an estimated 5.1 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs) are lost due to this disease. The National Health Policy 2002 aims at Elimination of Lymphatic filariasis by 2015 through Annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of single dose of DEC. Objective was to assess coverage and compliance of MDA Program and awareness about lymphatic filariasis in Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh.Methods: Cross-sectional Study was conducted. Total 120 households were surveyed in four selected clusters of Chhatarpur district of MP.Results: Out of total 835 persons only 94.37% persons were eligible and 47 (5.62%) were not eligible for MDA for MDA. Coverage rate was 90.22% and compliance rate was 75.24%. The main reason for non-compliance was not having the concerned disease 34.38 % followed by fear of side effect (24.90%). Only 37.5% among the surveyed families were aware about MDA. Majority of respondent 21 (46.66%) acquired knowledge from health workers.Conclusions: The compliance of MDA program was low and the awareness about the lymphatic filariasis in the study population was limited in Chhatarpur district. Poor compliance of MDA is attributed to inadequate consumption of drugs due to poor awareness among eligible population. For elimination of lymphatic filariasis active involvement of community is very essential. It can be made possible through behavior change communication and health education of people.