No abstract

Acroosteolysis (AO) is a rare condition characterized by resorption of the distal phalanges of the fingers and/or toes. It can be familial, idiopathic (IAO), occupational, or secondary. Other authors suggest a classification into primary (genetic disorders, lysosomal storage disorders) or secondary AO. Various skin and nail changes have been reported in this condition. However, the cutaneous change on the affected digit(s)/toe(s) during the natural course of AO has been poorly documented. A 5-year-old girl presented with a 3-month history of a distinct transverse boundary between normal skin proximally and affected crusted skin overlying osteolysis distally (“split” sign) on the plantar surface of the third toe. This boundary gradually elongated circumferentially to involve the dorsal surface. The mother gave a similar history of a delimitation line on the 2nd, 4th, and 5th toes of the right foot with durations of 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years, respectively, that disappeared before she noticed a shortening of those toes. X-rays revealed partial resorption of the terminal phalanx of the third toe and several lytic changes in the middle and terminal phalanx of the second, fourth, and fifth toes. The clinical features, radiology findings, and a workup that helped rule out conditions associated with AO (secondary AO) helped establish the diagnosis of IAO in our patient. This case study highlights that the natural course of IAO includes distinct skin findings, such as the “split” sign that we describe. This sign can help identify the condition early.

Lymphangiectasia is dilatation of normal superficial lymphatic vessels due to damage or obstruction of deep lymphatic vessels leading to increased lymphatic pressure and engorgement of dermal lymphatics due to varying causes. Lymphangiectasia clinically presents as thick-walled, translucent vesicles and papules with chronic lymphedema rarely involving the scrotum. Here we report a patient with acquired lymphangiectasia of the scrotum secondary to surgery for hydrocele successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation. We highlight the use of dermoscopy as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in lymphangiectasia.

Background Paediatric dermatoses vary vastly from adult dermatoses in terms of clinical presentation, management, and prognosis thereby generating special interest in this field. Many factors like geographical area, climatic exposure, seasons, culture, socioeconomic factors, hygiene, dietary habits, literacy influences pattern of skin diseases in children resulting in marked variation in prevalence and pattern. Objectives This study aims to find out association of socio‐demographic factors and personal hygiene with infectious childhood dermatoses. Materials and Methods This was a hospital based cross‐sectional study. All children (0–14 years) attending Dermatology outpatient clinics were enroled. Proforma was prepared to assess the socio‐demographic factors and personal hygiene in the local context. Chi‐square test was applied to find the association of the baseline variables with infectious dermatoses. Results A total of 364 children were enroled with mean age of 6.97 ± 4.23 years. Females (52.5%) were slightly more than males (47.5%). There were 201 (55.2%) infectious and 163 (44.8%) non‐infectious dermatoses. Bacterial infections were the most common group (18.7%), followed by dermatitis and eczemas (14.0%) and viral infections (13.7%). Lower educational status of mother (p = 0.025), lower monthly family income (p = 0.008), lower socioeconomic status (p = 0.015) and less frequent bathing habits (p = 0.014) were associated with increased risk of infective dermatoses. Conclusion Infections and infestations were the most common paediatric dermatoses in our Outpatient Department. Female education, upliftment of socioeconomic status of family and improving personal hygiene may reduce the risk of skin infections in children.

Type 1 reaction in pure neuritic leprosy usually occurs in the form of neuritis. Development of new skin lesion during reactional state is rare. The clinicians should be aware about occurrence of Type 1 reaction in pure neuritic leprosy and start timely treatment to prevent further disabilities.