Along the last years, it has been increasingly observed that a reduced understanding of a pro-saving financial behaviour, the lack of financial literacy, have led to bad decisions regarding the living of an individual, of a family and finally, by extension, the well-being of a nation. The lack of financial literacy is also confirmed by surveys of various organizations, measuring the awareness of the population about interest, inflation, loans, etc., knowledge that seems to be very poor. People's negative habits have consequences, such as: accumulating debts, ,many times not even realizing how quickly this happens. This article aims to present a theoretical approach and some tips & tricks for saving up and offers some practical solutions.
The present study aim is to deliver a succinct overview of the existing literature concerning economic systems, and in particular financial systemsfrom the Econobiology, or the “evolutionary economics” perspective, mainly treated within the Adaptive Market Hypothesis, and the Econophysics perspective.In the heterodox frame, both the A.M.H. and the Econophysics are trying to explain the complexity of financial markets from a „bottom up” perspective, hence „macroscopic” properties are viewed as the result of interactions at the level of the ‘microscopic’ constituents (Rickles, 2011, p.531-565). Given the expanded level of information we can access nowadays, we consider that an important attention should be given to the inclusion of both perspectives as explanatory frameworks of the financial markets.
This article discusses a number of conceptual and practical issues regarding the taxation of the income coming out from the transfer of virtual currency. The individuals who earn constant money from cryptocurrencies (over 600 lei per year) have the obligation to report their income yearly and to pay the income tax and the health insurance contributions in certain situations. According to the provisions of the Tax Code, the gains from cryptocurrency transfers will fall into the category of the taxable income from other sources. For individuals, this income will be declared through the Single Taxation Statement during the year following the year of its realization. Specifically, the earnings from cryptocurrencies in 2019 will be declared in 2020. As long as an individual keeps his income from cryptocurrencies in the form of cryptocurrencies, without actually using them, he is not obliged to declare them and pay the income tax and the Social health insurance contribution for them.
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