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People with overweight, standing for prolonged time, increasing age, smoking habit, heavy lifting and pregnancies in female increases risks of having varicose veins and are found common in lower limbs i.e saphenous vein. Objective: To assess the risks of varicose vein among policemen and to assess the association between varicose vein and their designation among police of Belagavi city, Karnataka, India. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 150 police personnel who were working in Belagavi city. Information was collected by using questionnaire for socio-demographic, general information and symptoms. Observational checklist was used to assess signs of VV. Results: Out of 150 participants, the mean age of participants was 39.28 years. Among them, 74.66% were male and 25.34% were female where 77 (51.30%) were Police Constable, 54 (36%) were Head Constable, 15 (10%) were ASI, 2 (1.30%) were Inspector & Sub Inspector respectively. The mean standing hour per day was found to be 6.69 h and the mean years of service was found to be 9.11 years. It was found that 14.7% of police personnel had varicose veins and 20% of them were in the risk of developing VV. Conclusion: varicose veins has significant association with religion, designation, duration of working, income, marital status, lungs problem, DVT, cardiac infract and HTN. Similarly, risk of developing varicose vein has a significant association with marital status and duration of standing.

The Goal of The United Nations' Sustainable Development is to reduce under-five mortality to or at below 25 per 1000 live births. The large and vulnerable group with a high-risk population in India is the age group of children under the age of five years. According to UNICEF, South Asia has the highest proportion of recorded child mortality, with India accounting for a quarter of them. Being a member of a tribal community adds to this vulnerability. When compared to other social classes, tribal children had a 19% higher chance of dying during the newborn period and a 45% higher risk during the post-neonatal era. The Indian government is working hard to put child survival at the forefront of its agenda and has devised a particular plan for vulnerable populations. It uses content analysis to examine existing policies, programs, and research involving children under the age of five. The findings revealed the historical development of child policies dating back to 1974 with the creation of the first child policy. Meanwhile, several initiatives to enhance the health of children under the age of five have been made.

Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has led to psychological distress among healthcare workers. We aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and insomnia severity among various occupational categories of frontline HCWs in COVID-19 treatment settings in Kathmandu, Nepal. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted over some time of 3 months from March to June 2021 among the frontline healthcare workers in Kathmandu, Nepal. An electronic survey link was sent via email and other social messaging sites and was requested to fill a questionnaire regarding sociodemographic information along with the Generalized Severity Disorder (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index. Results: Out of 200 participants, most the respondents 87 (43.5%) had no anxiety disorder. 67 (33.5%) participants had mild levels of anxiety, 25 (12.5%) had moderate anxiety and 21 (10.5%) had severe anxiety. More than half participants (109, 54.5%) had no clinically significant insomnia. Subthreshold insomnia was seen in 63 (31.5%), clinical insomnia (Moderate) was seen in 23 (11.5%) and 5 (2.5%) of study participants had clinical insomnia (Severe). Conclusion: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic mental well-being of frontline HCWs is affected.