Objective:The study investigated the barriers and facilitators to, and the extent of the implementation of, the New South Wales (Australia) 'Healthy School Canteen Strategy'. Design: A purposeful sample was used and data were collected using a mixed method approach. Setting: Two primary and two secondary government schools from a low socio-economic region in Sydney, NSW, Australia. Method: An audit of the available food and beverage items was followed by interviews with the school principal/deputy principal and the canteen manager. Results: This descriptive study found that, although positive changes to canteen menus are evident, there are varying levels of implementation of the strategy with a number of poor nutritional choices regularly available. Implementation is influenced by the local context, school type, canteen management practices, meal type and the student body -in particular, their religious practices. Conclusion: Concerns are raised about the effectiveness of a policy that does not take into consideration the local context.

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Female gender is associated with more periprocedural complications, adjunctive arterial procedures, and increased endoleaks but does not affect long-term reinterventions or survival. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effect of gender on outcomes. These data should be considered when selecting EVAR for men and women.

Introduction COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus which typically results in upper respiratory symptoms. However, we describe the acute arterial and venous thrombotic events following COVID-19 infection. Managing acute thrombotic events from the novel virus presents unprecedented challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study highlights the unique management of these patients and discusses the role of anticoagulation in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods Data for 21 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 disease and acute venous or arterial thrombosis were collected. Patients were analyzed on the basis of demographics, comorbidities, home medications, laboratory markers, and outcomes. The primary postoperative outcome of interest was mortality and secondary outcomes were primary patency and morbidity. To assess for significance, univariate analysis was performed using Pearson χ2 and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and Student t-test for continuous variables. Results 21 patients with acute thrombotic events met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of cases were acute arterial events (76.2%) while the remainder were venous cases (23.8%). The average age of all patients was 64.6 years-old and 52.4% were male. The most prevalent comorbidity in the group was hypertension (81.0%). Several markers were markedly abnormal in both arterial and venous cases, including an elevated neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (8.8) and d-dimer (4.9 mcg/mL). Operative intervention included percutaneous angiogram in 25.00% of patients and open surgical embolectomy in 23.8%. The majority of arterial interventions had a postoperative complication (53.9%) versus a 0% complication in the venous interventions. AKI on admission was a factor in 75.0% of mortalities versus 18.2% in survivors (p=0.04). Conclusion We describe our experience in the epicenter of the pandemic of 21 patients who experienced major thrombotic events from COVID-19. Our cohort highlights the need for increased awareness of vascular manifestations of COVID-19 and the important role of anticoagulation in these patients. More data is urgently needed to optimize treatments and prevent further vascular complications of COVID-19 infections.

EVAR has evolved during the last 20 years, resulting in an improvement in efficiency, outcomes, and procedural success. The most significant advance is seen in the transition from era 1 to the later eras.