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Background:Various therapeutic modalities, which are available for treating plantar wart, have not been successful every time.Aims:To evaluate topical adapalene under occlusion in the treatment of plantar warts and compare it with cryo-therapy.Materials and Methods:50 patients with 424 plantar warts were included in this single center, two arm, prospective, randomized, control, open study. Patients were allocated randomly into two groups consisting of 25 patients each. Group A patients having 299 plantar warts were treated using adapalene gel 0.1% under occlusion while Group B patients having 125 warts were treated using cryo-therapy. All the patients were evaluated weekly till the clearance of all the warts and the results compared.Result:All the warts of 25 patients of Group A that were treated using adapalene gel 0.1% cleared in 36.71 ± 19.24 (55.95-17.47) days except those in one patient. In Group B, warts in all except one treated by cryo-therapy cleared in 52.17 ± 30.06 (82.23-22.11) days. There were no side effects like scar formation, irritation, erythema, or infections with adapalene group while in the cryo group scar was seen in 2 patients, pain in 24, erythema in 10, and infection in 3 patients.Conclusion:Adapalene gel 0.1% under occlusion is an effective, safe and easy to use treatment for plantar warts and may help clear lesions faster than cryo-therapy.

Western (Palau) and Eastern (State of Truk) Caroline Islands and Papua New Guinea sponges of the genera Axinella and Hymeniacidon were found to contain the cytostatic (PS ED50 2.5 and 2.0 (μg/mL) and antineoplastic (PS T/C 143 at 3.6 mg/kg and T/C 138 at 3.6 mg/kg) pyrrologuanidines 1a and 1b. The related hydantoin 2, designated axinohydantoin, was also isolated from an Axinella sp. and its structure was assigned by X-ray crystallographic techniques. Present experience with sponges in the Axinella and Hymeniacidon genera suggests that the previously known hymenialdisine (1b) and analogous imidazole derivatives may be widely distributed among these and related orange colored Porifera. Keywords: axinohydantoin, hymenialdisine, Axinella, Hymeniacidon, cystostatic.

MDCT enables detection and depiction of all bronchial and nonbronchial systemic arteries causing hemoptysis.

In our continuing chemical analysis (1-3) of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Leguminosae), we report here nine steroidal sapogenins found in the seeds. In addition to six previously reported compounds (4-7), three more minor sapogenins, smilagenin, sarsa-sapogenin, and yuccagenin, were identified. EXPERIMENTAL Extraction and isolationof sapogenins.-Air-dried, powdered seeds (500 g) of T. foenumgraecum (Fenugreek, Ethiopian variety) cultivated at our institute farm were defatted with «-hexane. The marc was extracted with MeOH, and the MeOH extract (70 g) was dissolved in H20 and fractionated with «-hexane, CHC13 and EtOAc. The H20 layer was concentrated and dissolved in alkali solution (100 ml, 1% NaOH). The solution was further fractionated with «-BuOH saturated with H20. The BuOH extract was hydrolyzed with 2 N HC1 by refluxing on a water bath for 3 h. Crude sapogenins, obtained in the form of a precipitate, were filtered and washed with H20 until neutral. The dried, acid insoluble residue was extracted with CHC13 for 8 h.