: To study the relationship of diabetic retinopathy with systemic complications of diabetes.: Study was conducted on 310 diabetic patients attending to Narayana medical college ophthalmology opd in Nellore between August 2017and June 2018. Patients are categorized into five groups based on the duration and severity of DR into No DR, Mild NPDR, ModerateNPDR, Severe NPDR, PDR according to the ETDRS classification. All the above patients evaluated clinically, and required investigations were done for the presence of systemic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and diabetic foot. The relation between the duration of diabetes mellitus and stage of diabetic retinopathy and also with systemic complications assessed. A total of 310 diabetic patients with a mean age of 56.5 + 11.8 years and males 211(31.7%) and females99(31.7%). Prevalence of Diabetic retinopathy was 108(34.8%) of which mild NPDR44(41.9%), moderate NPDR35(34.5%), severe NPDR 19(18.3%)and PDR10(11.4%). A significant association (P<0.001) was observed between the duration of diabetes and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy. The overall prevalence of nephropathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot, CVS, CAD was 52.6%and they were significantly (p<0.05) more common in patients with DR (64.8%) as compared to those with no DR (43.5%) and complications increased with severity of retinopathy.

Pterygium was first described in 1000 BC by Sushrutha. Pterygium derives its etymology from the Greek word pteros which means wing. The prevalence rates vary in different parts of the world and are highest in the pterygium belt described by Cameron between the 30° north and south of the equator [1]. In India, the prevalence ranges from 9.5% to 13%, with rural areas having a higher prevalence [2,3]. The most widely accepted risk factor is UV ray exposure [4].Pterygium is an elastotic degeneration of conjunctival collagen that occurs over time [5]. However, it is now classified as a proliferative disorder as a result of an abnormal wound healing process. Matrix Metalloproteinases and MMP tissue inhibitors this article is available in open access under Creative Common attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, allowing to download articles and share them with others as long as they credit the authors and the publisher, but without permission to change them in any way or use them commercially