Eight new Schiff's bases were prepared in three steps. The first step includes synthesis of phthalamic acid from the reaction between phthalic anhydride with p-amino acetophenone which in turn fused in the second step to form the corresponding phthalimide. The third step involved condensation of the prepared phthalimide with different primary aromatic amines to form new Schiff's bases. These compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. Most of the synthesized compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activities by using agar cup plate method against two types of bacteria .The results showed that the new Schiff's bases exhibit good to moderate antibacterial activity.

In this study, a total of 209 individuals of leeches were collected from Al-Hindyia River / Babil Province. 116 individuals were identified as Erpobdella octaculata (Linnaeus, 1758), 50 individuals as Erpobdella punctata (Leidy,1870) and 43 individuals as Hemiclepsis marginata (Müller, 1774). Four samples were collected monthly during a period from February to June 2018. Some physical and chemical water properties were also examined, including air and water temperature, potential of hydrogen pH, Electrical Conductivity EC, Total Dissolved Solid TDS, Dissolved Oxygen DO, and the Biological Oxygen Demand BOD₅. Air and water temperature were ranged 19. 5-29, & 14.6-23.2 °C respectively. The values of pH ranged 6.2-7.6. EC ranged 1104-1581 μs/cm². The TDS recorded 669-767 mg/l, while the DO reached 1.3-8.5 mg / l, the BOD₅ ranged 3.5-5.7 mg/l.

Novel derivatives of 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H- benzotriazole and 1-(´1, ´3, ´4, ´6-tetra benzoyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl)-1H-benzotriazole carrying Schiff bases moiety were synthesised and fully characterised. The protection of D-fructose using benzoyl chloride was synthesized, followed by nucleophilic addition/elimination between benzotriazole and chloroacetyl chloride to give 1-(1- chloroacetyl)-1H-benzotriazole. The next step was condensation reaction of protected fructose and 1-(1-chloroacetyl)-1H-benzotriazole producing a new nucleoside analogue. The novel nucleoside analogues underwent a second condensation reaction with different aromatic and aliphatic amines to provide new Schiff bases. The prepared analogues were characterised by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS(EI+) spectra. These analogues were tested against different bacteria to evaluate them as antimicrobial agents.

This work includes two steps of synthesis, the first one is the synthesis of indole which was prepared according to literature of the reaction of phenyl hydrazine with acetaldehyde in glacial acetic acid afforded phenyl hydrazone of acetaldehyde , this product was fused with zinc chloride to give the indole.Reaction of cyclohexanone with phenyl hydrazine using the same procedure for the preparing giving 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazole.Second step involved synthesis of a series of (17) of mannich bases derivatives of indole and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydrocarbazle. Mannich reaction involves the condensation of aldehyde usually formaldehyde with different secondary amine and with compound containing an activated hydrogen.The reaction illustrated by the following equation :R2NH+HCHO+RH?R2N-CH2-R+H2O These compounds were characterized by U.V , FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra for two compounds. The secondary amines that used to prepare mannich bases are:N-methyl –N-phenyl amine, N,N-dimethyl amine, N,N- diphenyl amine, N-ethyl –N- phenyl amine, N,N-di-n-propyl amine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, N- methyl pipyridine, N,N-dibenzyl amine, N,N-di –n-butyl amine and N,N-di ethyl amine.

Synthesis of 2-(4-Acetyl-phenyl)-4-nitro-isoindole-1, 3-dione chalcones were performed by fusion of 3-nitro phthalic anhydride with p-aminoacetophenone. Then the later was grinded with different aromatic aldehydes in the presence of sodium hydroxide to produce new chalcones derivatives A3-10 without using any solvent formation of new Narylphthailimide chalcones were confirmed by FT-IR, 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR spectroscopy and all final compounds were tested for their antifungal and antibacterial activity some of them showed more biological activity than the standard drugs.