Introdução: a creatina e a cafeína encontram-se entre as substâncias mais utilizadas como recursos ergogênicos por aqueles que visam aumento da massa muscular, redução da gordura corporal e melhora no desempenho esportivo. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre os possíveis efeitos sinérgicos do consumo concomitante dessas substâncias. Objetivo: buscar evidências na literatura científica sobre os possíveis efeitos da administração dessas substâncias em sujeitos submetidos a exercícios físicos. Método: busca nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed e SciELO, utilizando-se os termos "creatine", "caffeine", "resistance exercise" e "dietary supplementation". Resultados: onze estudos foram selecionados para análise dos resultados, pois enquadravam-se nos critérios de inclusão. Destes, apenas cinco tratavam do uso exclusivo de creatina associada a cafeína, e o restante, com outras substâncias comercializadas como suplementos alimentares. Os poucos estudos sobre o uso concomitante de creatina com cafeína se diferenciam bastante nos testes e protocolos de suplementação aplicados, tornando difícil evidenciar se o uso de tais substâncias pode realmente proporcionar efeitos benéficos aos seus consumidores. Conclusão: os resultados de três artigos evidenciaram um efeito anulador da cafeína sobre os efeitos ergogênicos da creatina, ao passo que os demais apresentaram evidências contraditórias sobre as variáveis analisadas. Palavras-chave: Cafeína; creatina; exercício. Introduction: creatine and caffeine are among the most widely used substances as ergogenic resources by those looking to increase muscle mass, reduce body fat, and improve athletic performance. However, little is known about the possible synergistic effects of concomitant use of these substances. Objective: to search for evidence in the scientific literature about the possible effects of administration of these substances in subjects undergoing physical exercise. Method: a search in LILACS, SciELO, and PubMed databases, using the terms "creatine", "caffeine", "resistance exercise", and "dietary supplementation". Results: eleven articles were selected for analysis of the results, as they fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, only five dealt with exclusive use of creatine associated with caffeine, and the remaining with other substances marketed as dietary supplements. The few studies on the concomitant use of creatine with caffeine differ greatly in the testing and supplementation protocols applied, making it difficult to conclude if the use of such substances can actually be beneficial to consumers. Conclusion: the results of three articles evidenced an annulment effect of caffeine on the ergogenic effects of creatine, and the others presented conflicting evidence on the variables analyzed.

The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effects of exercise training on endothelial function in individuals with overweight and obesity. Our review study included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adults (≥ 18 years of age) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m2. Our search was conducted in the electronic bases MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, LILACS and EMBASE and in the gray literature. We performed random-effects analyses for effect estimates and used 95% prediction intervals (95% PI) for estimating the uncertainty of the study results. There were selected 10 RCTs involving 14 groups (n = 400). The quality assessment of studies using Cochrane risk-of-bias 2 (RoB 2) tool identified some concerns. Exercise training resulted in improved flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in individuals with overweight and obesity (p < 0.001) compared to the no-exercise control group. This effect of training modalities on FMD was seen for aerobic training (p < 0.001) but not for resistance training (p = 0.051). There was no difference in FMD in response to exercise training by BMI classification (overweight, obesity, overweight + obesity), p = 0.793. The present results are consistent with the notion that aerobic exercise training elicits favorable adaptations in endothelial function in individuals with overweight and obesity. Our findings should be interpreted with caution because of the small number of studies included in this review.

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Introduction: Aging is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. It promotes vascular dysfunction which is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exercise can modulate vascular function parameters, but little is known about the effects of different modalities of training (aerobic, resistance and combined) on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in older adults. Methods: This systematic review study will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) selected from the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE and Web of Science. We will follow the PRISMA guidelines and PICOS framework. Studies involving both male and female older adults (≥60 years old) with or without comorbidities undergoing aerobic, resistance and/or combined training compared to a control group (no exercise) will be eligible. We will use Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool to evaluate the quality of individual studies and GRADE to assess the strength of evidence. Statistical analyses will be conducted with RStudio for Windows (v1.3.959) using R package meta. Discussion: A systematic review and meta-analysis involving data from studies of older adults would deepen our understanding of vascular adaptations to exercise training in this population. It could provide new insights into how health providers can improve patient management and prevention of cardiovascular events in older adults. Systematic Review Registry: The study protocol for this review is awaiting approval for registration in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID 42021275451).