In this study, we demonstrated that EAF was the most effective fraction in reducing cell viability and causing necroptosis in the MCF-7 cell.
Using enalapril maleate as a test case, the ability of ambient mass spectrometry, namely, via easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS), to perform direct monitoring of drug degradation has been tested. Two manufacturing processes were investigated (direct compression and wet granulation), and the formation of degradation products was measured via both EASI-MS and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for a total period of 18 months. Both techniques provide comparable results, which indicate that direct analysis by ambient mass spectrometric techniques presents a viable alternative for drug degradation monitoring with superior simplicity, throughput, and reliability (no sample manipulation), and comparable quantitative results. In terms of qualitative monitoring, the full mass spectra with intact species provided by EASI-MS allow for comprehensive monitoring of known and unknown (or unexpected) degradation products.
Quantitation of progesterone (P(4)) in biological fluids is often performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA), whereas liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been used much less often. Due to its autoconfirmatory nature, LC-MS/MS greatly minimizes false positives and interference. Herein we report and compare with RIA an optimized LC-MS/MS method for rapid, efficient, and cost-effective quantitation of P(4) in plasma of cattle with no sample derivatization. The quantitation of plasma P(4) released from three nonbiodegradable, commercial, intravaginal P(4)-releasing devices (IPRD) over 192 h in six ovariectomized cows was compared in a pairwise study as a test case. Both techniques showed similar P(4) kinetics (P > 0.05) whereas results of P(4) quantitation by RIA were consistently higher compared with LC-MS/MS (P < 0.05) due to interference and matrix effects. The LC-MS/MS method was validated according to the recommended analytical standards and displayed P(4) limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) of 0.08 and a 0.25 ng/mL, respectively. The high selective LC-MS/MS method proposed herein for P(4) quantitation eliminates the risks associated with radioactive handling; it also requires no sample derivatization, which is a common requirement for LC-MS/MS quantitation of steroid hormones. Its application to multisteroid assays is also viable, and it is envisaged that it may provide a gold standard technique for hormone quantitation in animal reproductive science studies.
A avaliação do consumo de medicamentos é uma importante ferramenta para garantir o acesso e avaliar seu uso racional. Embora estudos indiquem a relação entre o aumento da resistência dos microrganismos e o uso irracional de medicamentos, poucos dados de Farmacoepidemiologia e do perfil desses pacientes estão disponíveis em Odontologia. Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo de medicamentos utilizados de forma irracional pela população que procura atendimento de urgência em Odontologia em unidades de saúde da atenção básica no município de Aracati-CE. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, onde foram avaliados dados como idade, gênero do paciente, queixa principal, medicamentos utilizados previamente ao atendimento sem prescrição e tratamento proposto. Resultados: No período estudado 176 pacientes buscaram o serviço de urgência do posto de saúde principalmente devido a dor de dente. Dentre eles 140 (79,5%) estavam se automedicando, 65% era do sexo feminino e 35% do sexo masculino, com média de 33 anos de idade. A amostra se caracterizou principalmente por pessoas com baixa renda e escolaridade, que se automedicavam frequentemente. Conclusão: A automedicação é algo freqüente na vida das pessoas e seus riscos muitas vezes desconhecidos. Percebe-se a necessidade de trabalhar temas como uso racional de medicamentos e a presença de profissionais farmacêuticos em unidades básicas de saúde da Estratégia de Saúde da Família.Descritores: Medicamentos sem prescrição; Odontalgia; Atenção Primária à Saúde. ABSTRACTThe evaluation of the drugs consumption is an important tool to ensure access and evaluate their rational use. Although studies indicate the relationship between the increasing resistance of microorganisms and the irrational use of medicines, few Pharmacoepidemiology data and profile of these patients are available in dentistry. Objective: To evaluate the consumption of drugs used irrationally by patients seeking urgent care in dentistry in health units of primary care in the Aracati-CE city. Methodology: This is a descriptive study that evaluated data such as age, gender, chief complaint, medications previously used service without prescription and proposed treatment. Results: During the period study 176 patients sought urgent department health of the basic health units mainly due to toothache. Among them 140 (79.5%) were self-medicating, 65% were female and 35% male, mean age of 33 years old. The sample was characterized mainly by people with low income and education, which are often self-medicated. Conclusion: Self-medication is something frequent in the lives of people and their often unknown risks. You see the need to work issues such as rational use of drugs and the presence of pharmaceutical professionals in basic health units of the Family Health Strategy.
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