Growth, yield and fruit quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum) at different spacingsPlanting density and cultivars suitable to climatic conditions of southwestern Paraná State are of great importance in crop production and fruit quality of pepper. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, production and fruit quality of pepper cultivars in different spacing and harvest seasons carried out in field in the southwestern Paraná. The experiments were carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, from September 2009 to July 2012. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in a 2x3 factorial design, comprising two pepper varieties (BRS Mari and Paprika) and three planting densities: 1.50x1.00 m, 1.00x1.25 m, 1.50x1.25 m between rows and between plants, respectively. The number, fresh mass and production of fruits, length, fruit diameter, leaf area index, soluble solids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content in fresh fruits were analysed. BRS Mari resulted in greater number of fruits (199.33), production per area (5.87 t/ha), fresh fruit production (768.67 g/plant) and capsaicin (549.92 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (251.93 mg/kg) content. The spacing of 1.00x1.25 m resulted in higher yield per area (22.88 t/ha), capsaicin (362.25 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (165.02 mg/kg) content. Density can be a strategy for productivity of pepper cultivars evaluated.

RESUMO:A Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton é uma planta medicinal de porte arbustivo com folhas aromáticas que possuem óleo essencial rico em citral. A crescente demanda da indústria farmacêutica e cosmética pelo óleo essencial de A. triphylla promoveram grande interesse sobre o cultivo dessa espécie. A estaquia é um dos principais métodos de propagação devido à dificuldade em obter sementes, e também pela vantagem dos descendentes serem iguais à planta-matriz. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de AIB e do comprimento das estacas no enraizamento de estacas de A. triphylla. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido no período de Novembro de 2010 a Janeiro de 2011. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial onde os fatores foram cinco concentrações de ácido indol butírico (AIB) (mg L -1 ): 0, 250, 500, 1000 e 1500, e quatro comprimentos de estaca: 4, 6, 8 e 10 cm. As estacas tiveram a base imersa em solução de AIB e foram colocadas para enraizar em substrato comercial Mecplant®. As variáveis analisadas foram: comprimento do sistema radicular, percentagem de estacas enraizadas (%), número de brotações, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, e massa seca das raízes. Nas condições em que o estudo foi realizado os resultados mostraram que o comprimento das estacas e concentração de AIB afetam o desenvolvimento das estacas, apresentando ajuste quadrático e linear para as variáveis analisadas. As mudas obtidas a partir de estacas com 10 cm e concentração de 1500 mg L -1 de AIB apresentaram a maior percentagem de enraizamento e as maiores médias para o comprimento do sistema radicular, número de brotações, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea. Palavras-chave:Cidró; estaquia; regulador de crescimento ABSTRACT: Vegetative propagation of Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton according to IBA and length of cuttings. Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton is a medicinal plant shrub with aromatic leaves, which have essential oil rich in citral. The increasing demand of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for the A. triphyllaessential oil provided a greater interest in the cultivation of this species. Cutting is one of the main methods of propagation, due to the difficulty in obtaining seeds and also for the benefit of descendants being equal to the parent plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of IBA and length of cuttings in the rooting of A. triphylla. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in the period from November 2010 to January 2011. The experimental design was completely randomized using the factorial design where the factors were five concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (mg L -1 ): 0, 250, 500, 1000 and 1500, and four lengthsforthe cuttings: 4, 6, 8 and 10 cm. The cutting base was immersed in a solution of IBA and placed into the rooting Mecplant ® commercial substrate. The variables analyzed were: root length, percentage of rooted cuttings (%), number of shoots, fr...

Content and constituents of essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest timesThis study aimed to evaluate biomass production, content and components of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest times. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Universidade Federal Tecnológica do Paraná -Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 2010 to January 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial scheme (3 x 11), subdivided blocks allocated in three planting rows plot (1.0 x 1.0 m, 1.0 x 0.80 m, 1x 0,60 m between rows and between plants, respectively) and on subplots, 11 harvest times

O cidró (Aloysia triphylla) é uma planta medicinal de porte arbustivo, com folhas aromáticas que possuem óleo essencial rico em citral, e essa substância confere grande importância à indústria farmacêutica e cosmética. Objetivou-se avaliar o teor e os componentes do óleo essencial do cidró em função da sazonalidade e horário de colheita. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, de março de 2010 a setembro de 2011. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial onde os fatores foram realizados nas épocas de extração (outubro/2010 a setembro/2011) e horários de colheita (8:00, 11:00, 14:00, 16:00 e 18:00 horas). Foram analisados o teor e composição química do óleo essencial, extraído pela técnica de hidrodestilação, utilizando o aparelho de Clevenger e analisado em cromatografia gasosa e espectofotometria de massa (CG/EM). O mês de fevereiro resultou em maior teor de óleo essencial de cidró nos horários de colheita das 16:00 e 18:00 horas, provavelmente ocasionado pelas condições climáticas favoráveis e a presença de folhas jovens geneticamente ativas. Os constituintes majoritários do óleo essencial foram geranial (36,96%), neral (29,31%), nerolidol (24,34%) e limoneno (15,77%).

Biomass production and essential oil composition of basil grown under shading nets and harvested at different timesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of harvest seasons and shading nets in the growth, production, content and chemical composition of essential oil of basil. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, Brazil. Four harvest dates (90, 120, 150 and 180 days after transplanting) and three shading nets (aluminized net, red net, black net and full sun), all with 50% irradiance were evaluated. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot 4x4 factorial design with three replications in randomized blocks. Cultivation under aluminized net favored the growth in height and diameter. Basil plants grown under full sun resulted in higher fresh and dry biomass and higher content of essential oil yield in relation to shading nets. The best harvesting period was at 120 days after transplanting and resulted in higher production of essential oil (0.77 g/planta) and citral content (78.26%). The major component of the essential oil was the citral obtained in plants grown under black net (73.25%), aluminized (72.14%) and full sun (71.86%).