This study aimed to describe the challenges of higher education in implementing online learning during the pandemic Covid-19 outbreak. This study was a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected from 408 students and 20 Lectures from 6 public universities and 6 private universities in Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, and Maluku, by filling out online questionaires and in-depth interviews via social media. The process of data analysis was data reduction, identifying themes, mapping interrelationships between themes, and concluding findings The results of data analysis showed that there were two main challenges, both for lecturers and students. First, limited resources, such as electronic devices (laptops/smartphones/others), learning resources, electricity, and internet connections. Second, lack of knowledge/skills on how to use the online learning media, finding and/or providing learning resources, managing online learning, providing online measuring tools, and carrying out online assessments. This condition has the greatest impact on students from low economic families, and who live in areas with limited access to learning facilities, such as electricity, and internet connections. Most of them lose learning opportunities because of these limitations.  Third, the difficulty of time management during the online learning period.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh transparansi dan akuntabilitas secara simultan dan parsial terhadap kinerja Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Buton. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa transparansi dan akuntabilitas keuangan secara bersama-sama (simultaneously) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai F-hitung yaitu sebesar 13.918 atau dengan tingkat signifikan f sebesar 0,000 < pada α = 0,05. Adapun secara terpisah (partial), hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa transparansi dan akuntabilitas keuangan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja. Dimana tranparansi diperoleh nilai t-hitung sebesar 2.765 atau dengan tingkat signifikan t sebesar 0,002 < pada α = 0,05, sedangkan akuntabilitas keuangan diperoleh t-hitung sebesar 2.687 dengan tingkat signifikan t sebesar 0,004 < pada α = 0,05. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa transparansi dan akuntabilitas keuangan baik secara bersama-sama (simultaneously) ataupun secara terpisah (partial) signifikan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang di Kabupaten Buton.

This research to applying the application of e-smart farming to control the sprinkler irrigation on agricultural land. This study aims to be able to help farmers to solve the watering problems that are manually carried out into watering done automatically and controlled, besides that this research also obtained data about the level of moisture content from sensor soil moisture, air temperature from the temperature sensor, and rainfall data from Rain Sensor as well as setting the right time using automatically scheduled Real-Time Clock (RTC) for watering time. This system is a combination of hardware and software components. The hardware part consists of systems and software embedded in the form of android-based applications. Consists of three sections, namely the Sensor block, the farm station controller, and the home station controller at the farmer's house. The implementation of the smart farming application in this study obtained quite good results. The final results of this study indicate that the tools applied can assist farmers in implementing smart farming systems. The results can be seen in the success of several temperatures, soil humidity, and rain sensor tests. Moreover, there is no barrier between smart farming applications on the base station and the farm station using 2.4GHz Wireless ZigBee, and sending data in real-time from the sensor block on the farm station server using ESP8266. Besides, the sprinkler watering system also has no problems when watering agricultural land when receiving orders from the application

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimanakah tingkat reliabilitas tes buatan guru mata pelajaran matematika tingkat SMP di Kota Baubau menurut teori tes klasik?. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan tingkat reliabilitas tes buatan guru mata pelajaran matematika tingkat SMP di Kota Baubau menurut teori tes klasik. Pengumumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa lembar jawaban soal pilihan ganda siswa SMP kelas VIII yang mengikuti ulangan akhir semester genap mata pelajaran matematika tahun ajaran 2020/2021 beserta kunci jawabannya dengan menggunakan aplikasi ITEMAN. Data yang  diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis kuantitatif menurut teori tes klasik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan yakni Tingkat Reliabilitas Tes Buatan Guru Mata Pelajaran Matematika Menurut Teori Tes Klasik Tingkat SMP di Kota Baubau yang dianalisis dengan program Iteman memiliki tingkat reliabilitas berdasarkan kategori kriteria terdiri dari 7 sekolah yakni SMP Negeri 4 Baubau 0,844 > 0,600 kategori sangat tinggi, SMP Negeri 2 Baubau sebesar 0,719 > 0,600 dan SMP Negeri 18 Baubau 0,778 > 0,600 kategori tinggi, SMP Negeri 8 Baubau 0,410 > 0,600 kategori cukup, SMP Negeri 10 Baubau sebesar 0,337 < 0,600 kategori rendah, SMP Negeri 6 Baubau sebesar -0,173 dan SMP Negeri 16 Baubau sebesar -0,448 < 0  kategori tidak reliable.

The objective in this research was to know there is or not an effect of problem based learning toword the ability in logical reasoning and mathematical communication of the student in SMP Negeri 9 Buton Tengah, Mawasangka Timur Subdistrict, Buton Tengah Regency. This research was quantitative research and using quasi experimental. Population in this research was grade VIII SMP Negeri 9 Buton Tengah conof 72 student. Sampel in this research was grade VIII1 with 36 student and grade VIII2 consisted of 36 students. The Technicque used in taking the sample was random sampling. While the instrument used was test. Data analysis techniques used in this research ware descriptive and inferential analysis. Based on the calculation by using independent samples t-test obtained the score that tcount as 1.013. for the score of the  ttabel  at the level of significance 0,05 (5%) and db = 70 that was 2.000. based on the score tcount >ttabel , then the hypotesis of the research was accepted. So that, it could be concluded that  problem based learning had a significant effect toward the ability in logical reasoning and matematical communication of the student at grade VIII SMP Negeri 9 Buton Tengah.