No abstract

A C6-hemisuccinate derivative of morphine was prepared and conjugated to bovine serum albumin. High titer antibody producing spleen cells were removed and fused with myeloma cells of Sp2/0 origin. A C3-hemisuccinate derivative of morphine was prepared and conjugated to enzyme penicillinase used as a tracer molecule. A novel enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay was developed using this conjugate to screen and characterize the monoclonal antibody produced in these experiments. After two successive limiting dilutions, antibodies produced by 5 clones with good affinities ranging from 10(8) to 10(12) M(-1) and less cross-reaction (least for codeine and other structurally related molecules) were selected. These clones were found to be of IgG class with kappa light chain. Subclass determination showed that two of the clones produced IgG2b and three of them produced IgG1 type of antibody. Affinity purifications were performed for the selected clone (MOR-I). Purified antibody was coated onto the wells of microtiter plate. The standard curve was constructed with a sensitivity of 100 pg/mL covering up to 10 ng/mL in buffer and urine. The slope of the standard curve for selected clone in buffer and urine was calculated to be -0.7 and -0.64, respectively.

The study of digestive enzymes activity at Salmo caspius fry showed that enzymes were available at the moment of mouth opening on the first day post hatching (dph) and the activity of enzymes showed no significant difference from the hatching day 28 dph. An increased activity was seen between 32 and 43 dph and this activity was significantly higher than the activity during the first 28 days. In the primary stages after yolk sac resorption (43-58 dph), enzymes activity showed an increased profile, however none of them showed a significant difference between 43 and 58 dph.

BackgroundHuman fascioliasis has been reported in many countries, including Iran. Various techniques have been evaluated for diagnosis of human fascioliasis using different antigens. We evaluated Fasciola gigantica partially purified fraction antigen (PPF) isolated from sheep’s liver fluke for the diagnosis of human fascioliasis.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred sixty-one sera were collected from 104 patients living in an area endemic for human fascioliasis, from 89 non-fascioliasis patients living in a non-endemic area, and from 68 healthy individuals. Micro-ELISA was used in the evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of Dot-ELISA.ResultsWith a 1:800 sera dilution as the cut-off titer, the sensitivity of the Dot-ELISA test in diagnosis of human fascioliasis was 94.23% and the specificity was 99.36%.ConclusionDot-ELISA using PPF antigen is a sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of human fascioliasis that is also rapid and inexpensive.

In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as carriers of the signaling anti-chicken antibody peroxidase in comparison with anti-chicken antibody peroxidase without gold nanoparticle in a commercial avian influenza kit. AuNPs enhanced the absorbance and shortened the assay time. AuNPs act as a carrier of many enzymes and multiply the effect of enzyme when reacting with substrate. They amplify optical signal, while keeping low background signals.