<p><em>Annona muricata</em> L. is a medicinal plant and claimed to be useful for human health. Study of ethnobotany about this plant need more research in order to find a range of pharmacological properties. Exploration of chemical constituents for soursop leaf extract is reported and contain numerous complex active phytochemicals. These secondary metabolite were important to explore more pharmacology activity. Leaf of <em>Annona muricata</em> L. had extracted and had been identified to has benefecial effects as anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antihyperglicaemic, antifungal, and antibacterial. This review research emphasizes the systematic investigation of Annona muricata L. in pharmacology activity, which could be the impotent source for numerous human disorders. The result showed that 6 pharmacology activity from this leaves exctract which are anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory , antihyperglycemic, antifungal and antibacterial.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: soursop leaf, Annona muricata, pharmacology</p><p class="abstrak"> </p>
This study aims to develop a Student Worksheet based on Higher Order Thinking Skills that is feasible, practical and effective to use. This research is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The data analysis technique used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data analysis was used to determine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness. Meanwhile, qualitative data analysis was used to determine the results of observations, inputs and suggestions. The output of this study stated that the HOTS-based Student Worksheet on the respiratory system sub-material was declared eligible to be tested with revisions. The development of HOTS-based Student Worksheet is applicable with a score of 98.46% (Media Validator) and is considered very feasible with a percentage of 85.3% (Material Validator). The practicality of Student Worksheet is indicated by the teacher response rate of 98.3% and the student response rate of 84.02%. This Student Worksheet also declared effective with an N-gain value of 0.32 in the medium category. Based on the results obtained, the HOTS-based Student Worksheet was declared feasible, practical and effective to be applied in learning activities.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Pendekatan Konstektual Terintegrasi Al-Quran Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia Di MA LAB IKIP Al-Wasliyah Medan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian experiment yang pelaksanaannya menggunakan jenis quasi experiment dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 30 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelas, yaitu kelas XI-1 MA berjumlah 15 siswa dan kelas XI-2 MA berjumlah 15 siswa. Hasil belajar pada kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pendekatan ceramah (konvensional) memperoleh hasil kurang memuaskan. Perhitungan yang dilakukan menggunakan uji N-gain yang menunjukkan pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,87 (kategori sedang) dan pada kelas kontrol sebesar 0,58 (kategori sedang) dan menggunakan uji t independent sample test yang menunjukkan bahwa ttabel < thitung (1,69 < 2,25) pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Selisih persentase kenaikan dari pretest ke posttest juga lebih besar kelas ekperimen dengan 84,4% dan kelas kontrol dengan 75,4 %. Jadi sumbangan efektif penggunaan model pembelajaran CTL sebesar 11,8 %. Dengan demikian, dapat diputuskan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan pendekatan konstektual terintegrasi Al-Quran dengan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pendakatan ceramah (konvensional).
Diabetes melitus mengakibatkan Hiperglikemia atau meningkatnya kadar gula dalam darah. Bawang batak (Allium chinense G. Don) adalah tumbuhan tradisional untuk penanganan diabetes melitus karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti streoid, saponin dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak bawang batak (Allium chinense G. Don) terhadap perbaikan histopatologi ginjal tikus diabetes melitus melalui pengamatan kerusakan sel berupa edema, degenerasi hidropik serta nekrosis sel pada histopatologi ginjal. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus dengan dosis ekstrak bawang batak 250 mg/kg BB, 500 mg/kg BB, dan 750 mg/kg BB. Pembuatan preparat histopatologi ginjal tikus menggunakan metode parafin dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak bawang batak (Allium chinense G. Don) memperbaiki edema glomerulus dan memperbaiki sel pada tubulus proksimal dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata sel normal dari 17,50 ± 3,786 naik menjadi 45,50 ± 5,568, nilai rata-rata pada sel yang mengalami degenerasi hidropik dari 52,50 ± 3,000 mengalami penurunan kerusakan menjadi 48,50 ± 3,000 serta nilai rata-rata nekrosis sel dari 168,75 ± 25,966 turun menjadi 90,75 ± 27,208. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak bawang batak (Allium chinense G.Don) dosis 750 mg/kg BB tikus berpengaruh terhadap perbaikan histopatologi ginjal tikus (Rattus norvegicus) diabetes melitus.Kata Kunci : Diabetes Melitus, Bawang Batak (Allium chinense G.Don), Ginjal
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