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Background: Hepatitis-B is caused by double stranded DNA virus. Prevalence of hepatitis B in pregnant woman worldwide is 2.5 to 1.5% whereas in India it is 2 to 7.7%.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at SAMC and PGI, Indore between January 2016 to December 2016. Hepatitis- B prevalence and outcome was assessed by doing routine screening of hepatitis B antigen in our indoor patients and finding out their maternal and fetal outcome.Results: Total 3567 deliveries were conducted during study period, out of them 39 were diagnosed as HbsAg positive pregnant patient; so, prevalence was found to be 1.09%. out of these, 84.6% were booked cases, mode of delivery was vaginal in 66.67% cases, preterm Delivery was in 10.26% of cases, meconium stained liquor was found in 5.13% cases, maternal mortality was nil, perinatal mortality was found in 2.56% cases and 5.13% cases were admitted in NICU.Conclusions: Screening of all pregnant women for HbsAg irrespective of risk factors will definitely help to know the correct prevalence and reduce the transmission of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a major public health problem in India and will continue to be until appropriate nationwide vaccination programs and other control measures are established.

Background: Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH) is the commonest cause of maternal death worldwide. Studies suggest that the use of Misoprostol may be beneficial in clinical settings where oxytocin is unavailable. However studies are limited that show its use in prevention of PPH in high risk pregnancy involving elective caesarean section. Therefore our aim of study is to compare the effectiveness of rectal misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean sections. Methods: In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 200 pregnant women who had cesarean sections were assigned into two groups: to receive either oxytocin intramuscularly or misoprostol rectally after spinal anesthesia. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups about change in postpartum hemoglobin, need for blood transfusion and incidence of PPH. We also did not observe any significant difference in any side effects. Conclusions: Misoprostol may be considered as an alternative for oxytocin in low resource clinical settings.

Introduction:Chlamydia is an important cause of sexually transmitted diseases leading to tubal factor infertility. Background:This study aims to define the role of chlamydial antibody detection in predicting presence, nature and type of tubal pathology in laparoscopy.Materials and Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 200 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopy as a part of infertility work-up. Preoperatively, serological determination of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific antibodies against Chlamydia Trachomatis was done by Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Findings of laparoscopy were evaluated against presence or absence of chlamydial antibodies in serum. Results:Out of 200 patients,10 patients tested positive for chlamydial antibody. Chlamydial antibody was found positive in 20% and 22.7% of patients with tubal pathology and peri-hepatic adhesions of patients, respectively. The sensitivity of chlamydial antibody for diagnosing tubal pathology was found to be 20%, while specificity was 100%. The positive chlamydial antibody test was not statistically associated with involvement of one or both tubes and site of tubal block.Conclusion:Chlamydia antibody test does not appear to be good screening test for tubal pathology especially in Indian subcontinent. In view of its high specificity, this test can be used to identify patients with higher chances of tubal pathology requiring operative intervention.

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