In reference to the announcement of the pandemic of the new coronavirus 2019-(nCoV), all educational institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan have switched to online learning (OL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the mental state of the medical students switching to OL in comparison with the mental state of the students who had traditional learning (TL). A repeated questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students ranging from 1st year to 5th year at Astana Medical University in the 2019-2020 academic year. The first study was conducted during the TL (October-November 2019, N = 619), and the second study was conducted during the OL period (April 2020, N = 798). Burnout syndrome, depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and satisfaction with academic performance have been studied. The findings revealed that prevalence of the burnout syndrome, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms decreased after transitioning from TL to OL. However, during the OL period, the prevalence of colleague-related burnout increased, which tells us about the negative impact of OL on students' communication and interpersonal relationships. The most common depression and anxiety symptoms, dissatisfaction with academic performance were among students who indicated a decrease in academic performance during OL. Students who lived alone during the quarantine were more prone to depression during OL. In conclusion, during the quarantine period after the transition from TL to OL, the mental health state of medical students improved, despite the severe conditions of the pandemic.

No abstract

The current study investigated the motives that underlie support for COVID-19 preventive behaviorsin a large, cross-cultural sample of 12,758 individuals from 34 countries. We hypothesized that the associations of empathic prosocial concern and fear of disease, with support towards preventive COVID-19 behaviors would be moderated by the individual-level and country-level trust in the government. Results suggest that the association between fear of disease and support for COVID-19 preventive behaviors was strongest when trust in the government was weak (both at individual and country-level). Conversely, the association with empathic prosocial concern was strongest when trust was high, but this moderation was only found at individual-level scores of governmental trust. We discuss how both fear and empathy motivations to support preventive COVID-19 behaviors may be shaped by socio-cultural context, and outline how the present findings may contribute to a better understanding of collective action during global crises.

It was a traditional way to pay attention to biomedical aspects of disease in science and practical treatment of diabetes mellitus. These aspects of chronic disease influence on patient's life, his psychical and social status. The experimental – psychological method was used for analysis psycho – features of parents who have children with diabetes mellitus: “Beck Depression Inventory” divides in groups: the first group – identified, it depends on duration of illness and insulin therapy. The special questionnaire for parents is based on problems of children's life in society. There is a high alarm level of parents, who have 4 – 7 years children, that is 12 % higher than children's. The parentˈs alarm taking their children to the hospital was subclinical. The results show that the parents who have children with complications and long period of disease, need in emotional support. The group of children and parents who had complex rehabilitation have a good dynamics. There is a big improvement of psycho – emotional parents and children state, who got the pomp insulin therapy. The parents interview with little children showed us the decrease of their fear and worries. It is important to establish a good contact and relationships with a doctor in adaptation period for pomp insulin therapy for 24 hours. The parents get knowledge and have a good practice in taking care of their diabetes mellitus children.