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Background Blood is one of the most common pieces of evidence encountered at the crime scene. Due to the viscous nature of blood, unique bloodstain patterns are formed which when studied can reveal what might have happened at the scene of the crime. Blood pattern analysis (BPA), i.e., the study of shape, size, and nature of bloodstain. The focus of this paper is to understand blood and BPA. An experimental finding to understand blood stain formation using Awlata dye was conducted within the university premises under laboratory conditions. Awlata (Alta), an Indian dye used for grooming of women, was used to create fake blood stains to understand the formation of bloodstains with respect to varying heights, and their relation with spines and satellite stains was determined. Results When the height of dropping fake blood increased, the distance of satellite stains emerging from the fake blood stains was also increasing. From the experimental finding, it was found that satellite stains were directly proportional to height of blood stain and spines were inversely proportional. Conclusion It can be concluded that blood is a vital source of information and when interpreted correctly it can be used as a source of information that can aid in investigations. Thus, a relation between formation of blood stains with relation to height was established. This finding using fake blood stains can help in carrying out future studies.

The plant Justicia simplex D.Don is traditional herb, people used it in different diseases, they treat fever and burning of the body, strengthen the lungs, the teeth and stop vomiting. The plant exhibited more promising bacterial activity against various microorganisms. Hence, in the present study this plant is also tested against the dental pathogens. The plant was extracted from four different solvents was tested for the presence of phytochemicals in it. After analyzing, its antimicrobial activity is tested against fungi and bacteria. Then a dental carrier Streptococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which was collected from the K.S.R. Institute for Dental Science and Research. The isolates were used to check the activity against Justicia simplex D.Don. Based on the positive result obtained against various analyses, it is formulated successfully into a tooth paste. The present study on Phytochemical screening of Justicia simplex D.Don a valuable medicinal plant extract against Dental pathogens enables the use of this plant for the formulation of tooth powder against dental pathogens. The result is more effective against dental pathogens by herbal tooth powder.

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