Objective. Individuals with syndromic craniosynostosis present alterations in the dental arches due to anomalies caused by the early fusion of the craniomaxillary sutures. This study aimed to compare intradental and interdental dimensions between individuals with Apert and Crouzon syndromes and nonsyndromic controls. Materials and Methods. Digital models were obtained from the archive of a public tertiary care hospital. The sample consisted of 34 patients (Apert n = 18, Crouzon n = 16) and 34 nonsyndromic controls matched for gender and age. Measurements of perimeter, length, intercanine and intermolar distances (upper and lower), overjet, and molar ratio were performed. Statistical comparisons were performed using ANOVA and Tukey tests p < 0.05 . Results. Patients with Apert and Crouzon syndromes have severely reduced maxillary transverse dimensions, perimeter, and length of the upper arch compared to the control group p < 0.001 . The lower arch is less impacted. Patients with Apert syndrome had an anterior crossbite p < 0.001 , while patients with Crouzon syndrome had an edge-to-edge bite p <   0.011 . Patients with Apert and Crouzon syndromes do not have serious transverse proportion problems when comparing the upper and lower arches. Conclusions. In this sample, both the Apert and Crouzon groups have severely compromised upper arches compared to the control group. Mild dentoalveolar expansion in the maxilla should be sufficient for the transverse adaptation of the dental arches before frontofacial advancement.

Robin sequence with cleft mandible and limb anomalies, known as Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome (RCPS), is an autosomal recessive acrofacial dysostosis characterized by mandibular cleft and other craniofacial anomalies and respiratory complications. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the hyoid and head posture of 9 individuals with RCPS using cephalometric measurements and provide a discussion about its implications in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The study was conducted on lateral cephalograms of patients with RCPS and 9 selected age-matched controls in tertiary cleft center in Brazil. The cephalograms were digitized and analyzed on a software to obtain the vertical and horizontal hyoid position, its relationship with the mandible and the relation of the cranial base and postvertebral line. The t test was used for analysis of means and Levene's test for equality of variances. Cephalometric measurements H-S (vertical distance between hyoid bone and sella) (Supplemental Digital Content, Figure 1, http://links.lww.com/SCS/B247) and H-C4lp (horizontal position of the hyoid in relation to the post-pharyngeal space) showed statistically significant difference compared to controls (P < 0.05). Therefore, the hyoid bone was more inferiorly and posteriorly positioned in the study group compared with the control group. The vertebrae measurements did not present differences compared to controls. The described position of hyoid bone could be involved in the severe OSAS of RCPS patients.

As discrepâncias esqueléticas de Classe III seguem desafiadoras na ortodontia por seguirem uma predisposição genética do indivíduo. A intervenção precoce pode evitar em grande parte dos casos tratamentos mais invasivos, onerosos e traumáticos na fase adulta, especialmente no que diz respeito à realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos e pós-operatório complexo. Entretanto, muitas vezes, o paciente apresenta-se para tratamento na fase adulta, optando por uma solução compensatória. Dentre as alterativas ortodônticas, há prescrições que embutem torque lingual exagerado aos incisivos inferiores, resultando em um aspecto final desagradável. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar e discutir um caso de tratamento compensatório Classe III com o uso de um aparelho ortodôntico biofuncional em um paciente adulto que teve recidiva a um tratamento ortodôntico prévio. Devido a ótima colaboração do paciente no uso de elásticos, foram alcançados bons resultados, mantendo o bom posicionamento dos incisivos inferiores na sínfise mandibular.