This study investigated whether a videotaped, modeled-learning experience would facilitate the acquisition and transfer of training of a complex counseling behavior-communication of accurate, empathic understanding. The 111 subjects were assigned randomly to one of three treatment conditions: modeled-learning experience (Ti), consisting of an advance organizer, modeled-counseling interview, and covert practice session; treatment control (T 2 ), which involved reading about the counseling behavior; and control (Ta). Acquisition and transfer of training were inferred by significant differences in group scores in communication of accurate, empathic understanding as measured by the subjects' written responses to the 16 Carkhuff Helpee Stimulus Expressions and as rated using Scale 1 of the Carkhuff scales. Subjects in TV displayed a significantly higher level of functioning and these differences were maintained over time.

The Cuprex™ metal extraction process produces cathode-grade copper using a hydrometallurgical process based on chloride leaching of sulfide ore concentrates. The process incorporates several novel steps to overcome the major problems associated with earlier chloride-based processes, including mild leaching conditions usingferric chloride as leachant and solvent extraction of copper using a novel reagent. This produces a highly concentrated cupric chloride electrolyte from which cathode-grade copper is electrowon in the Metclor cell. The technical viability and robustness of the core technology have been proven in a series of large-scale pilot trials. More recent work has concentrated on supplementary processes to convert the copper powder product to an article of commerce and to recover valuable by-products. A fully integrated scheme is now being developed with updated cost estimates.

The effects of modeling versus no modeling and modeling versus systematic training were examined in brief empathy training. Ninety resident hall advisers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: modeling-systematic training, systematic training only, and the resident hall adviser program. The modeled learning experience was presented in a 90-minute videotape. Systematic training was provided in five 2-hour training sessions. Significant modeling and systematic training effects were demonstrated.Systematic training does not appear to represent a superior method of developing empathic response behavior when compared to the briefer modeled experience. While the level of communicated empathy was raised nearly one level following exposure to the modeled learning experience, it was still significantly lower than that communicated by the model.

Technology, Manchester M60 1 ODAminostannanes, stannazanes, and stannylamines react flith carbon dioxide to give organotin carbamate addition products, but with carbon disulphide, organotin dithiocarbamate adducts are not always isolated and may give rise to organotin sulphide, isothiocyanates, and thiourea as alternative products. For the aminostannylation of carbonyl sulphide, evidence is presented to show that addition takes place across the C=S bond rather than the C=O bond.It is suggested that the preferred formation of tin-sulphur bonds is consistent with the relative strengths of tinoxygen and tin-sulphur bonds.

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