Objective: To describe the pulmonary ultrasound findings in a case series of patients with COVID-19. Method: Ten patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by PCR were included. A 2-dimensional, 12-quadrant lung ultrasound was performed on each patient. Results: The identified patterns were: alterations of the pleural line due to disruption/unevenness (100%), pleural thickening (100%), subpleural consolidation (90%) and laminar pleural effusion (80%), pattern B1 (60%), pattern B2 (40%) and consolidation (20%), which correlates with autopsy findings reported in literature, characterized by interstitial infiltrate, alveolar collapse, and pulmonary condensation. Conclusions: Pulmonary ultrasound provides information on the status of patients with COVID-19, which allows modifying the therapy used, impacting clinical results and optimizing the use of available resources. The findings of this descriptive study correspond to those described worldwide, concluding that most patients will have some pathological pleuropulmonary finding at the time of their initial evaluation, which shows that ultrasound is a useful study in evaluation and follow-up of patients with
Objetivo: Disponer de una escala para la evaluación del dolor en el paciente adulto quemado en estado crítico. Método: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y se construyó una escala de valoración con 24 ítems agrupados en ocho categorías o dimensiones: extensión de la quemadura, profundidad, quemadura de vía aérea o lesión por inhalación, expresión facial, ventilación mecánica, movimiento de las extremidades, frecuencia cardíaca y procedimientos dolorosos. Se aplicaron cuatro criterios de evaluación: suficiencia, claridad, coherencia y relevancia, en una escala de 1 a 4, desde no cumplimiento del criterio hasta cumplimiento total. Resultados: La escala fue revisada y validada por juicio de expertos, alcanzando un coeficiente de razón de validez global de 0.96 (Lawshe) y 0.98 (Tristán-López), y una V de Aiken de 0.96, lo que evidencia un acuerdo entre jueces superior al 96% y una validez adecuada del instrumento. El índice de Cronbach fue de 0,74, demostrando confiabilidad y consistencia interna aceptables. Conclusiones: A juicio de los expertos, es un instrumento con un alto índice de confiabilidad y se recomienda su aplicación en una muestra amplia de pacientes quemados críticos para una segunda validación y su posterior uso y difusión.
Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the development of all manifestations of COVID-19 predisposes to arterial and venous thromboembolic disease. The coagulation system can be activated by various viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Vascular endothelial damage, added to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, affects the prognosis and mortality from this disease. Treatment is aimed at the prevention, early detection, and timely interventions of all coagulation disorders generated by . The recommended anticoagulant is low molecular weight heparin, taking into account creatinine clearance, and if major invasive procedures will be performed, unfractionated heparin is a safe option.
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