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The aim of this study was to examine the independent effect of high lean mass on glucose metabolism, as well as its consequences on the classic relationship between BMI and insulin sensitivity (SI) in 3 groups: 1) 8 strength-trained males with BMI >27 kg/m2 (athletes); 2) 10 sedentary males with BMI >27 kg/m2 (obese); and 3) 12 sedentary males with BMI 22-25 kg/m2 (control). Body composition was measured with impedance analysis. Iv glucose tolerance test was performed at 09:00 h after overnight fast. Estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness by Minimal Model Approach. Plasma glucose and insulin determination by glucose-oxidase and RIA respectively. BMI and lean mass (LM) were greater in athletes than in controls, but there were no differences in fat mass (FM), basal glucose (Gb), basal insulin (Ib), glucose tolerance (Kg), SI, glucose effectiveness (Sg), acute insulin response to glucose (AIRG) and leptin. Obese showed greater FM, leptin, lb and AIRG than athletes, while SI was lower; BMI, LM, Gb, Kg and Sg were similar. BMI, FM, LM, Ib, AIRG and leptin were lower in controls than in obese, while SI index was greater; Gb, Sg and Kg were similar. We found that: 1) Resistance exercise does not modify glucose effectiveness, but can improve insulin sensitivity through FM reduction (LM augmentation alone has no effect on glucose metabolism); and 2) High BMI causes insulin resistance only if it depends on adipose tissue hypertrophy.

Objectives Alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, colloquially known as parabens, are types of preservatives found in multiple foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals and personal care products to which Americans are exposed daily. It is unclear if parabens exhibit carcinogenic or endocrine-disrupting properties. Methylparaben and propylparaben, two of the parabens most commonly found in foods, may interact with triglycerides in adipose tissue and impact lipid metabolism. Due to the potential for adverse impact, it is imperative to study how parabens interact with lipids in humans. Our objective was to evaluate the association between urinary parabens and serum triglyceride concentrations. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from adults 20 years and older from the 2013–2014 NHANES. Triglyceride levels were associated with urinary paraben concentrations (methyl and propyl) using a Hierarchical Multiple Regression, adjusting for ethnicity/race, gender, waist circumference, BMI and age. Results A total of 794 participants were included in the analyses; their mean age was 49.7 years, 52.4% were female, 43.07% were white, and 20.2% were black. Triglycerides were inversely associated with methylparaben (CI 95% −.054, −.004, β = -0.82, P = 0.022) and propylparaben (CI 95% −.04, −.003, β = -0.81, P = 0.026). When adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, BMI and waist circumference, the model remained significant for methylparaben (P < 0.05, adjusted R2 = .140), and propylparaben (P < 0.05, adjusted R2 = .140). Conclusions Despite the potential detrimental effects of parabens on triglycerides, our results suggest that urinary excretion of methylparaben and propylparaben are associated with lower circulating triglycerides. Further research is needed to confirm the mechanisms and health impact of this relationship. Funding Sources Florida International University Internal Funding.

Background. Alkyl esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, colloquially known as parabens, are types of preservatives found in multiple foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products to which Americans are exposed daily. It is unclear if parabens exhibit endocrine-disrupting properties. Parabens may interact with triglycerides in adipose tissue and impact lipid metabolism. Objective. To evaluate the association between urinary paraben concentrations and serum triglyceride concentrations. Design. A cross-sectional study. Setting. The Mobile Examination Centers affiliated with 2013-2014 NHANES. Participant(s). 827 adults (20 years or older) affiliated with the 2013-2014 NHANES. Intervention(s). None. Main Outcome Measure(s). Triglyceride levels were associated with urinary paraben concentrations (methyl, ethyl, and propyl) using a hierarchical multiple regression, adjusting for ethnicity/race, gender, BMI, and age. Unadjusted results are also reported. Results. The geometric mean of the urinary concentration of methylparaben, ethylparaben, and propylparaben was 57.100, 2.537, and 6.537 ng/ml, respectively. Triglyceride concentrations were inversely associated with methylparaben (β = −0.092, P=0.07), ethylparaben (β = −0.066, P=0.045), and propylparaben (β = −0.076, P=0.025). Being female, non-Hispanic White, and non-Hispanic Black were associated with decreasing triglyceride levels in the presence of methylparaben, ethylparaben, and propylparaben, and age, BMI, and being male were associated with increasing circulating triglycerides. Conclusion. Despite the potential detrimental effects of parabens on triglycerides, our results suggest that urinary excretions of methylparaben, ethylparaben, and propylparaben are associated with lower concentrations of circulating triglycerides in certain populations. Further research is needed to confirm the mechanisms and health impact of this relationship.

Objectives The objective of this study is to determine if there is an association between serum zinc and the possible biomarkers of longevity: ApoB, triglycerides, insulin, fasting glucose, Hba1c, and HS- CRP. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from 643 adult participants in a 2015–2016 NHANES study. Serum zinc concentrations were associated with ApoB, triglycerides, insulin, fasting glucose, Hba1c, and HSCRP using a multiple linear regression, adjusting for ethnicity/race, gender, waist circumference, BMI and age. Results The study consisted of 52% men and 48% woman. The mean age was 50 and the demographics were 17% Mexican American, 16% Other Hispanic, 35% White, 17% Black,12% Asian, and 3% Other Race. Serum zinc concentrations were inversely associated with HS- CRP (β = −.188, 95% CI −.003, −.001, P = .000) and positively associated with ApoB (β = .113, 95% CI .000, −.001, P = .010) in both men and women .When adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, BMI and waist circumference, the model remained significant (adjusted R2 = .059, P = .000). Conclusions HS- CRP is associated with lower concentrations of serum zinc while ApoB is associated with higher concentrations of serum zinc. Further research should be conducted to understand the interaction between zinc and longevity. Funding Sources The study was funded in part by internal funds of Florida International University.