Yanti Y, Warnita, Reflin, Busniah M. 2018. Indigenous endophyte bacteria ability to control Ralstonia and Fusarium wiltdisease on chili pepper. Biodiversitas 19: 1532-1538. Bacterial wilt and Fusarium wilt caused by Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensisand Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici (Foc), respectively are the most damaging vascular pathogens in chili pepper (Capsicum annuumL.) and many other crops limiting their production, worldwide. Various strategies have been developed to control wilt pathogensincluding the application of chemical pesticides, which generally considered as the most effective and fastest strategy for plant diseasemanagement. However, effective chemicals for wilt pathogens of chili pepper plants are not available, yet. Endophytic bacteriaconsidered as one of options to control vascular wilt disease because of its ability to live and colonize in internal roots of plants.Previous research has been done to select endophytic indigenous bacteria isolates which can promote growth rate of chili pepper. Thepurpose of the research was to identify the selected indigenous endophyte bacteria isolates acquired from our previous study using 16SrRNA identifications and to screen the selected endophytic indigenous bacteria to control both R. syzigii subsp. indonesiensis and Foc.Results from 16S r RNA analysis showed that all of 9 isolates were identified as Bacillus spp., such as Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579,Bacillus pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, Bacillus thuringiensis strain ATCC 10792,Bacillus weihenstephanensis strain DSM 11821, Bacillus mycoides strain 273, Bacillus cereus strain NBRC 15305, Bacillusbingmayongensis strain FJAT-13831 and Bacillus manliponensis strain BL4-6. Our results showed that most of endophytic bacteriaisolates application could control both bacterial and Fusarium wilt diseases. Six out of nine isolates can suppress R. syzigii subsp.indonesiensis without developing any symptoms and five isolates could suppress symptoms of Foc. Isolates Bacillus pseudomycoidesstrain NBRC 101232 Bacillus thuringiensis strain ATCC 10792 and Bacillus mycoides strain 273 were potential for control Foc and R.syzigii subsp. indonesiensis in chili pepper.

Vascular streak dieback (VSD) symptoms was reported recently in several cacao plantations in West Sumatera.  Disease incidence reached 58.82–100% with disease intensity of 24.29–44.71%.  In some cases, dead plant was also found. Fungal isolation was performed to identify the agents associated with VSD.  Plant samples showing VSD symptoms was collected from 3 locations of cacao production center in West Sumatera, i.e. Limapuluh Kota regency, Padang Pariaman regency, and Padang city.  Small pieces of leaf and twig were plated on water agar and potato dextrose agar medium for fungal isolation.  Morphology of hifa, basidiocarp, and basidiospora observed from fungi colonies indicated the presence of Ceratobasidium theobromae on infected plant samples.  This is the first report on the association of C. theobromae on cacao in West Sumatera.

Tanaman bawang merah memiliki potensi pengembangan sangat baik. Permintaan pasar akan komoditi tanaman bawang merah cenderung meningkat berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk,. tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini ialah meningkatkan produksi tanaman bawang merah ngungun jorong Gantiang Utara dengan cara yang efektif dan efisien melalui pemberian YUYAOST dan Trichoderma. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi survei pendahuluan pendekatan sosial, penyuluhan, pelatihan, dan pembuatan demplot. Kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat khususnya kelompok tani ngungun jorong Gantiang Utara. Antusias dan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat sangat menunjang keberhasilan dari kegiatan ini. Pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi yang terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan YUYAOST. Dalam penerapan teknologi menggunakan YUYAOST dan Trichoderma sangat membantu percepatan tumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Penggunaan YUYAOST sangat disarankan karena selain mudah untuk didapatkan juga memberikan nilai positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman dan baik untuk teknologi lingkungan sekitar tanaman budidaya.

Yanti Y, Warnita, Reflin. 2018. Short Communication: Development of selected PGPR consortium to control Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis and promote the growth of tomato. Biodiversitas 19: xxxx. A microbial consortium is a group of different species of microorganisms and acts as a community. Combinations of biocontrol strains are expected to have a better result to suppress multiple plant diseases. Our previous research had selected four plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains from chili (B. pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, B. cereus strain CCM 2010, Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, Serratia nematodiphila strain DZ0503SBS1) and three strains from tomato (Bacillus pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, Bacillus toyonensis strain BCT-7112, Bacillus thuringiensis strain ATCC 10792 ) which had ability to promote growth and control Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis indigenously. The strains were used in the development of PGPR consortiums to increase their ability for biocontrol agent of Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis and promoting the growth of tomato. Results showed that not all strains had good compatibility to grow together. Ten consortiums were developed based on their compatibilities. All consortiums exhibited the capability to reduce bacterial wilt disease development and also promote the growth of tomato. The consortium consisted of Serratia nematodiphila strain DZ0503SBS1, B. cereus strain CCM 2010, Bacillus aryabhattai strain B8W22 and Bacillus cereus strain IAM 12605 resulted in the best ability to reduce disease development and promote growth and yield of tomato.

Yanti Y, Warnita, Reflin, Nasution CR. 2018. Characterizations of endophytic Bacillus strains from tomato roots as growth promoter and biocontrol of Ralstonia solanacearum. Biodiversitas 19: 906-911. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is the most damaging vascular pathogens in tomato and many other crops in tropical, subtropical and warm temperate areas of the world limiting its production. Biological agents such as Plant growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is considered as a potential biological control agent for the suppression of plant diseases such as bacterial wilt. Bacillus spp. are one of the most potential genera of PGPR group used for controlling pathogens and promoting plant growth because of their spore-forming ability which increases their adaptation to the environment. The aims of the research were to isolate Endophytic Bacillus isolates, to characterize its ability as plant growth promoter and pathogen controller, and to identify its molecular genetic using 16S rRNA. Bacillus strains were isolated from healthy tomato roots. All Bacillus spp. strains acquired from isolation were then screened directly on plants in completely randomized design experiments with 3 replications. All potential strains were screened and identified using 16S rRNA with 27F and 1492R primers. Results showed that out of 15 obtained isolates, 6 of them showed a good ability to both promote growth and control R. solanacearum. All isolates were identified as B. Pseudomycoides strain NBRC 101232, B. cereus strain CCM 2010, B. toyonensis strain BCT-7112, B. anthracis strain ATCC 14578, B. cereus strain JCM 2152 and B. cereus ATCC 14579.