A cross sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to October 2017 in potohar region (District Rawalpindi) Punjab-Pakistan with the objectives to determine the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis. A total of n=420 faecal samples were examined using flotation technique to detect coccidian oocysts. The study revealed 23.80% were positive for coccidian oocysts. The prevalence of coccidiosis was accounted 16.27%, 22.22%, 23.61%, 25.71%, and 32.83% in Chakri, Dandi, Dahari, Rawat and Nela Dolha respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) highest prevalence of coccidiosis was recorded in Ross-308 (24.61%), Cobb-500 (24.37%) and lowest in Hubbard Classic (22.30%). Among age group higher prevalence rates (31.67%) was observed in young (<4weeks) than adult chicken. Young chicken had (P>0.05) higher risk of acquiring coccidiosis than adult. Higher prevalence of 28.57% was recorded in intensive poultry birds as compared to chicken kept under extensive management system (21.42%). Even though relatively higher prevalence of coccidiosis was recorded in male (28.49%) than female chicken (20.79%). In conclusion, the present study showed that coccidiosis is an important disease of poultry and this warrants appropriate control strategies need to be designed in order to reduce the impact of poultry coccidiosis in the study area.

Environmental heat stress is one of the most challenging conditions which have adverse effect on the poultry industry. Broiler chickens are sensitive to heat stress mainly due to not having sweat glands. The current study was conducted to observe the effect of heat stress on performance of Ross-308 broiler chickens. 1600 Ross-308 broiler day old chicks were obtained from local hatchery and randomly divided into two groups, the heat stress group A (n=800) and heat free group B (n=800). Group A was reared in high temperature (101 0 F) whereas group B was reared in ideal temperature. To evaluate the physiological stress indicators blood glucose levels and total blood cell count were checked on day 21 and 28. The parameters observed were; feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake and carcass yield. The results indicated that feed intake, weight gain, water intake, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield were significantly higher in group B compared to group A. It was concluded that heat stress has deleterious effect over the performance of broiler Ross-308 chicken.

The current study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) in cattle and buffaloes in Tandojam Pakistan. The average geometric mean titers (GMT) recorded against HS in diseased buffaloes and cattle were 5.7 and 6.1, respectively. The morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates were 57.58, 52.30 and 90.83% in young buffalo calves; and 3.17, 1.92 and 60.65% in adult buffaloes, respectively. In case of young cattle calves, morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates were 8.63, 5.27 and 61.11%, respectively, while in adult cattle, these values were 4.83, 2.18 and 45.23%, respectively. The present study revealed that the mortality, morbidity and case fatality rates due to HS were greater in young calves than the adults both in buffaloes and cattle. Furthermore, buffaloes were found to be more susceptible to the disease than the cattle.

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