Chromosomal translocations and pathogenic nucleotide variants both gained special clinical importance in lymphoma diagnostics. Non-invasive genotyping from peripheral blood (PB) circulating free nucleic acid has been effectively used to demonstrate cancer-related nucleotide variants, while gene fusions were not covered in the past. Our prospective study aimed to isolate and quantify PB cell-free total nucleic acid (cfTNA) from patients diagnosed with aggressive lymphoma and to compare with tumor-derived RNA (tdRNA) from the tissue sample of the same patients for both gene fusion and nucleotide variant testing. Matched samples from 24 patients were analyzed by next-generation sequencing following anchored multiplexed polymerase chain reaction (AMP) for 125 gene regions. Eight different gene fusions, including the classical BCL2, BCL6, and MYC genes, were detected in the corresponding tissue biopsy and cfTNA specimens with generally good agreement. Synchronous BCL2 and MYC translocations in double-hit high-grade B-cell lymphomas were obvious from cfTNA. Besides, mutations of 29 commonly affected genes, such as BCL2, MYD88, NOTCH2, EZH2, and CD79B, could be identified in matched cfTNA, and previously described pathogenic variants were detected in 16/24 cases (66.7%). In 3/24 cases (12.5%), only the PB sample was informative. Our prospective study demonstrates a non-invasive approach to identify frequent gene fusions and variants in aggressive lymphomas. cfTNA was found to be a high-value representative reflecting the complexity of the lymphoma aberration landscape.
A multirezisztens kórokozók jelenléte világszerte egyre nagyobb gondot jelent a kórházakban. A túlzott és indokolatlan, vagy helytelenül megválasztott antibiotikum-kezelések hatására a rezisztens törzsek kiszelektálódnak, és súlyos infekciókat okoznak, ami az immunszuprimált betegekben sokkal kifejezettebb. E probléma megoldására indult 2013-ban a Debreceni Egyetem Klinikai Központ Belgyógyászati Intézet B épület Hematológiai Osztályán az antibiotikumok diverzifi kálása. A monoton gyógyszerválasztás tudatos elkerülésének eredményeként egyes multirezisztens törzsek, így a kiterjedt spektrumú béta-laktamáz termelő Escherichia coli (2012-ben 16, 2016-ban 4 eset) és Klebsiella pneumoniae (2012-ben 27, 2016-ban 3 eset) előfordulása csökkent. Ugyanakkor új gond a vancomycinrezisztens Enterococcus spp. megjelenése (2012-ben 1, 2016-ban 6 pozitív tenyésztés), aminek hátterében valószínűleg a Clostridium diffi cile infekció miatt kezelt esetek számának növekedése áll (2011-ben 2, 2015-ben 11 eset). A helytelen antibiotikum-felhasználás nö veli az ápolási költségeket és rontja a fertőzések kimenetelét, ezért nagyon fontos az antibiotikumok tudatos és ésszerű alkalmazása mind egyéni, mind osztályos szinten. Ahhoz, hogy a multirezisztens kórokozók által okozott fertőzésekkel fel tudjuk venni a harcot, nem csak új antibiotikumokra van szükség, hanem új szemléletre is az infekciók kezelésében.
Treating relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is still challenging for clinicians, but the available CAR-T and bispecific antibodies have revolutionized therapy. Autologous stem cell transplantation was the most effective treatment modality previously. The authors reported data from a single center over ten years. The retrospective study included 116 patients, with 53 relapsed cases, 39 primary refractory cases, 19 who had CNS involvement, and 5 who had received primary consolidation transplants. The median duration of follow-up was 46 months. The median event-free survival was 75 months, and the median overall survival was 105 months for all cases. Five-year overall survival was 59%, and event-free survival was 54%. Pretreatment prognostic factors at diagnosis had no effect on the outcome of transplantation. The authors found no difference between survival in relapsed or refractory cases, and the number of salvage lines or the germinal center/activated B-cell type also did not influence the results. Complete metabolic response before transplantation confirmed by 18FDG PET/CT strongly affected survival. The pre-transplant creatinine and CRP levels significantly influenced the long-term outcome. The number of stem cells infused did not affect survival, but engraftment within nine days did result in a longer survival. These data support the finding that the response to salvage therapy did facilitate the identification of a better prognostic group who may still benefit from autologous transplantation.
Összefoglaló. Az autológ őssejt-transzplantáció után visszaeső diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfómás betegek kezelése nagy kihívást jelent. Az újabban alkalmazott kismolekulák, illetve a CAR-T-sejtes terápia ígéretes kezelési lehetőségek, de ezekkel még nincs megfelelő tapasztalat, illetve csak bizonyos betegcsoportban alkalmazhatók. A munkában egy autológ hemopoetikus őssejt-transzplantáció után visszaeső diffúz nagy B-sejtes limfómás beteg sikeres kezelését mutatják be a szerzők rituximab-bendamustin-venetoclax kombinációs indukciós terápiával, amit 1 éves fenntartó venetoclaxkezelés követett. A beteg a kezelést végig jól tolerálta, tartós remisszió alakult ki. Az eset jól példázza, hogy az új kismolekulák alkalmazása nemcsak az indukcióban, hanem fenntartó kezelésként is szóba jöhet egyes betegekben. Summary. Treatment of patients with relapse of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after autologous stem cell transplantation is a major challenge. Recently used small molecules and CAR-T-cell therapy are promising treatment options, but are not always available, and can only be used in certain groups of patients. In this paper the authors demonstrate the successful treatment of a relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with rituximab-bendamustine-venetoclax induction therapy for 6 cycles, followed by 12 months venetoclax maintenance therapy. The patient tolerated the induction and maintenance well, a sustained complete remission was achieved. The case highlights the possible implication of the novel small molecules not only in induction but maintenance treatment as well.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.