Representations of Rwanda have been shaped by the display of bodies and bones at Tutsi
genocide memorial sites. This phenomenon is most often only studied from the perspective
of moral dimensions. This article aims in contrast to cover the issues related to the
treatment of human remains in Rwanda for commemorative purposes from a historical
perspective. To this end, it is based on the archives of the commissions in charge of
genocide memory in Rwanda, as well as interviews with key memorial actors. This study
shows the evolution of memorial practices since 1994 and the hypermateriality of bodies in
their use as symbols, as well as their demobilisation for the purposes of reconciliation
policies.
Résumé Trop souvent décrite sous l’angle exclusif de son instrumentalisation politique, la mémoire du génocide des Tutsis relève pourtant d’une histoire complexe. Fondé sur l’exploration d’archives rwandaises et d’entretiens, cet article revisite l’histoire de la mémoire du génocide à travers les lieux dans lesquels elle s’incarne. Marqués par l’hybridité, les mémoriaux rwandais inscrivent dans le paysage des volontés de mémoire diverses. Cet essai de reconstitution de l’archéologie mémorielle rwandaise témoigne de la difficulté à articuler deuil personnel et collectif dans un pays où les politiques de réconciliation nationale tendent aujourd’hui à occulter la violence du passé.
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