Marine-derived natural products are rich source of secondary metabolites with huge potentials including novel therapeutic agents. Marine algae are considered to be a good source of secondary metabolites with versatile bioactivities. During the last few decades, researches related to natural products obtained from brown algae have remarkably escalated as they contain active compounds with varied biologically activities like antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiparasitic properties. The main bioactive components such as phlorotannin, fucoxanthin, alginic acid, fucoidan, and laminarin have been briefly discussed here, together with their composition and biological activities. In this review, the biological function of extracts and the metabolites of brown algae as well as their pharmacological impacts with the description of the possible mechanism of their action are described and discussed. Also, this study is expected to examine the multifunctional properties of brown algae that facilitate natural algal products, including the ability to integrate these functional properties in a variety of applications.

The binding of stem cells with a peptide-immobilized material surface, where several peptides are designed and conjugated on the material with multiple reactions, activates several signaling pathways that determine the stem cell fate.

No abstract

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into cells derived from three germ layers and are an attractive cell source for cell therapy in regenerative medicine. However,...

In recent years, nanotechnology has received extraordinary attention as the demands of today’s modern lifestyle are actively changing every day. The need for a sustainable environment and process is the prerequisite today for any advancement. Nanoparticles and its application have extended its wings into various fields. Researchers across the globe are constantly exploring the applications of NPs, especially those of metallic NPs. Among the metallic NPs, silver NPs has received special attention owing to their excellent physical and chemical properties. Nanobiotechnology has opened avenues for such a sustainable and environment-friendly progress. So, in this review, we have summarized the different methods employed in synthesising AgNPs, with special focus on the biological synthesis. This approach is of importance because of its advantages such as use of nontoxic compounds, inexpensive process, and high stability of products obtained in comparison to the other approaches. Several biomolecules of interest such as microbes and plant extracts that are used for synthesis are discussed in detail. The recent advancements in the environmental application of these biologically synthesised NPs include remediation of heavy metals and sensing, as catalysts in toxic dye degradation, remediation of waste water, and also, as a pesticidal agent for crop protection. Although AgNPs have been used in several sectors of research and industries, relevance to the environment is prominent owing to the impact it makes on the humans and all forms of life on earth.