This paper includes the results of the first study about the phenolic characteristics and antimicrobial analyses of Geranium ibericum subsp. jubatum species found in Turkey. In present work the phenolic contents of different parts of the G. ibericum (flower, root, leaf) were determined by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS. Following phenolic compounds were investigated: catechin, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, rutin, naringenin, kaempferol. According to the results obtained, the root and flower parts of the plant are very rich in ellagic acid (3473.57 µg g-1 dry plant) and catechin (2228.76µg g-1 dry plant). Chlorogenic acid level (54.570 µg g-1 dry plant) is also high in the roots. The amount of protocatechuic acid (122.5 µg g-1 dry plant) and gallic acid (725.34 µg g-1 dry plant) is high in the leaves. In addition, the total extract of G. ibericum obtained from leaf, flower, and root were tested against six gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans. The G. ibericum extract was nearly as effective as commercial antibiotics at some concentrations for Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, and Bacillus cereus.

The effect of disturbance factors such as grazing and cutting were investigated in some plants in central Black Sea Region of Turkey using Grime's CSR strategies and Ellenberg's indicator values (EIVs). Grime's CSR strategies were also determined by Pierce et al.'s (Funct Ecol 27:1002-1010, 2013) scheme because there were some inconsistencies between Grime's and Pierce et al.'s schemes. Secondary strategies in the study area found to be dominant and the dominance of secondary strategies are consistent with "intermediate disturbance hypothesis". All the EIVs were found to be significantly different in grazed vs non-ungrazed and cutted vs uncutted areas. PCA diagram showed that ungrazed and cutted areas are associated with EIVR, while grazed and uncutted plots are associated with EIVL, EIVM, EIVN and EIVT.

This paper includes the results of the first study on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of endemic species Geranium ibericum subsp. jubatum found in Turkey. In this study, the methanol extracts of different parts (leaf, stem, flower, and root) of the Geranium ibericum subsp. jubatum exhibited different free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. The synthetic antioxidant BHT and the natural antioxidant α-tocopherol were evaluated as a positive control and compared with methanol extracts of the plant parts. There was a positive correlation between the total phenolic content and the free radical scavenging activity in different parts of Geranium ibericum. It has been found that the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity were found in the roots. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH) showed statistically significant differences among the different parts of the G. ibericum subsp. jubatum (p<0.05).

Aim:Methodology: Results:Interpretation:

La résorption foliaire de quelques macro-(N, P, S) et micronutriments (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn dans les forêts de Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach en Turquie. Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach a une distribution plutôt restreinte en Turquie dans les forêts marécageuses. La résorption foliaire de quelques macro-(N, P et S) et micronutriments (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) a été étudiée dans des populations de P. fraxinifolia du nord et du sud de la Turquie. Comparativement aux populations méridionales, les populations nordiques ont montré une résorption de l’azote (NRE) plus efficiente mais une résorption du phosphore (PRE) plus faible. Les populations tant nordiques que méridionales se sont montrées P-proficientes alors que seules les populations nordiques se sont révélées P-proficientes. Des valeurs négatives pour ZnRE et MnRE ont été trouvées dans les populations méridionales. SRE s’est révélée plus élevée que celle d’autres espèces décidues. Des ratios NRE/PRE > 1 ont été trouvés dans les populations nordiques mais < 1 dans les méridionales.