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This study aimed to investigate the antifungal effectiveness of five different formulations against dandruff and ringworm dermatophytes. was also included in our assays. Fungal susceptibility tests were performed with planktonic cells and biofilms of reference strains. Microbiological and physicochemical quality parameters were assessed for all formulations. Our data indicated that the formulations were effective against the dermatophytes strains, and to our knowledge, the effectiveness of cosmetic formulations against fungal biofilms is shown for the first time. The formulations were considered effective against the explored dermatophytes and were considered safe given the adequate microbiological and physicochemical characteristics shown in the proposed assays.

The epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus infections has evolved in recent years, as this species is a major Gram-positive pathogen associated with healthcare services. The antimicrobial resistance of this species raises an urgent need for new treatment strategies. Fruits play important nutritional and economic roles in society, but their biological and pharmacological features are poorly explored when compared to nonedible parts of plants such as barks and leaves. In this study, we show that the cashew apple juice [cashew juice pulp (CJP)] extract is active against the planktonic cells of S. aureus strains, and for the first time, we show that CJP is also active against S. aureus biofilms. High performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were conducted to prospect for polyphenols and free carbohydrates, respectively. Cashew apple juice, which is rich in nutrients, is widely consumed in Brazil; therefore, the quality attributes of CJPs were investigated. Samples were evaluated for pH, total titratable acidity, vitamin C levels, and total soluble solids. We also detected an antagonistic interference of CJP when it was combined with different antimicrobial drugs.

Background Pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus can cause several diseases including septicemia and endocarditis, in spite of being a commensal species of the human microbiota. The current drug resistance of S. aureus raises the need for new antimicrobials, and natural products represent a feasible source for prospection of such compounds, due to features including the diversity of structures and mechanisms of action. Here, we provide evidence of the antimicrobial activity of methanolic of Psidium guajava and Passiflora edulis pulps against planktonic cells and biofilms of clinical isolates of S. aureus. Results The extracts were effective against the strains in concentrations up to 7.81 and 250 μg/mL for planktonic cells and biofilms, respectively. Antagonistic interactions of the extracts to antimicrobial drugs were observed. The pulps caused no cytotoxic effects on BGM cells. GC-MS analysis found relevant molecules, and UPLC analysis suggested the presence of flavonoids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first antibiofilm evidence of such extracts. Conclusion The extracts seem to be safe and effective enough for more studies aiming at exploring isolated antimicrobial molecules using in vivo models for the treatment of staphylococcal diseases.

Background: Given the lack of options for treating infectious diseases, it is urgent to explore new antimicrobials. Plant food historically represents relevant sources of antimicrobial molecules. Objective: Here, we show that green tea can eradicate biofilms and planktonic cells of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: We conducted in vitro antimicrobial activity tests (MIC, MBC, MBEC). Cytotoxicity tests were conducted using BGM cells. We used UPLC and GC-MS to detect flavonoids and other relevant phytomolecules. The antioxidant potential was assessed using the β-carotene bleaching test. The extract was combined to clinically relevant antimicrobial drugs in vitro to investigate possible synergism or antagonism. Results: To the best of our knowledge, MIC values are among the lowest ever described for the alcoholic extract (8 µg/mL). The extract presented elevated antioxidant potential and was not toxic to BGM cells. When the extract was combined to clinically relevant antimicrobial drugs, statistically significant antagonism was frequent for the drugs used against S. aureus isolates, whilst significant synergism was observed for some drugs used against P. aeruginosa isolates. Conclusion: Our data open doors for exploring isolated molecules from green tea extract against bacterial biofilms, and for developing formulations for clinical treatments.