Introduction: The incidence of insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased at an alarming rate worldwide and constitutes a serious challenge to public health care in the 21st century. Endocrine disrupting chemicals are defined as “substances or mixtures of substances that alter the endocrine system function[s] and, hence, adversely affect organisms, their progeny, or [sub] populations” and may be associated with this increase in prevalence. Objective: This study aimed to assess the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in insulin resistance and the importance of approaching the subject during anamnesis. Methods: A full review of the literature regarding insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes and endocrine disruptors was conducted. Conclusion: Large-scale production and distribution of endocrine disrupting chemicals coincide with the increase in prevalence of insulin resistance globally. In recent years, studies have shown that endocrine disrupting chemicals are positively associated with insulin resistance syndrome, evidenced by worse prognoses among individuals with higher levels of exposure. Health professionals should recognize the forms of exposure, most susceptible people, and lifestyle habits that can worsen patients’ prognoses.

The aim of this study is to review and discuss the clinical features and treatment options for the Marine-Lenhart syndrome, an uncommon thyroid disturb. The methodology adopted was a bibliographic research. The results of this study show that different mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease and in the nodular formation of thyroid tissue with functional autonomy. Graves' disease is caused by an autoimmune process that involves the entire thyroid gland and is characterized by the presence of TSH receptor stimulating antibodies. The present study concludes that caution should be exercised in interpreting thyroid disease in Graves' disease. The treatment of thyrotoxicosis requires high doses of oral drugs. Relapsing antithyroid therapy occurs soon after oral antithyroid therapy is discontinued. This presentation should alert the physician about the existence of toxic nodules, and about the possibility of a Marine-Lenhart Syndrome.

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Time in Range is a new concept in Diabetology, defining the percentage of the length of time in which the patient stays within a predetermined range of blood glucose. Electronic devices, from which the concept of Time in Range derived, help promote a better comprehension of these procedures, and may lead to a decrease in glycemic variability and to a lower risk of complications. It may also ease the control and adjustments in the treatment of diabetes. Therefore, the application of the Time in Range concept could generate a better diabetes control. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease caused by hyperglycemia due to changes related to insulin production and action. It has high morbidity and mortality and high prevalence and may affect several age groups. Currently, its classification is based on its etiology, with the most common diagnoses being pre-diabetes, type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes. It should be investigated early in patients who have risk factors such as obesity and physical inactivity. It is diagnosed by alterations in fasting or random glucose measurement, oral glucose tolerance test and glycated hemoglobin. Its control and monitoring should be based on glycemic stability. Even more mechanisms are being developed to help the patient in the control of blood glucose, avoiding risks of acute and chronic complications, which can be severe and limiting.